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Tie breaker

机译:领带打破者

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Augusto Pinochet left the scene as Chile's dictator 25 years ago, but the electoral system he bequeathed has governed politics ever since. Under the country's unique "binominal" system, each parliamentary constituency has two seats; the winning candidate takes one and in most cases the runner-up takes the other. This has reserved nearly all the seats in parliament for two big coalitions, the centre-left New Majority (to which the president, Michelle Bachelet, belongs) and the centre-right Alliance. The system has brought Chile stability at the expense of diversity. It kept small parties out of parliament unless they joined one of the two big coalitions, and ruled out landslide victories by either side. Moreover, it has tended to over-represent the Alliance at the expense of New Majority. Rural areas, which had supported Pinochet, were given more weight than their populations warranted.
机译:25年前,奥古斯托·皮诺切特(Augusto Pinochet)离开了智利独裁者的行列,但是他所继承的选举制度从此开始执政。在该国独特的“二项式”制度下,每个议会选区都有两个席位。获胜的候选人选一个,在大多数情况下,亚军则选另一个。这几乎为两个大联盟保留了议会中的所有席位,这两个联盟是中左翼的新多数党(总统米歇尔·巴切莱特所属)和中右翼联盟。该系统以牺牲多样性为代价带来了智利的稳定。除非小党加入两个大联盟中的一个,否则它将小党排除在议会之外,并排除了任何一方的压倒性胜利。而且,它倾向于以牺牲新多数人为代价来过多代表联盟。曾经为皮诺切特提供支持的农村地区所受到的重视超出了其人口数量的保证。

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  • 来源
    《The economist》 |2015年第8925期|34-34|共1页
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