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A question of utility

机译：效用问题

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The Great Exhibition, staged in London in 1851, was intended to show off the inventive genius of Victorian Britain. In doing so it sparked a hardfought debate on intellectual property. On one side were public figures horrified at the thought of inviting the whole world to see the nation's best ideas, only to have most of it go straight home and copy them. They called for the patent system to be made cheaper and easier to navigate, and for the rights it conferred to be more forcefully upheld. These demands, though, were met with a backlash. Supported by economic liberals who had successfully fought for the repeal of the protectionist Corn Laws a few years earlier, this side of the debate argued that free trade and competition were good for the economy; that patents were a restraint on both; and that therefore patents should be not reformed, but done away with.
机译：1851年在伦敦举行的大展览旨在展示维多利亚时代英国的发明天才。这样做引发了关于知识产权的激烈辩论。一方面，公众人物惊恐地邀请整个世界看到美国的最好的主意，却只想让大多数人直接回家复制它们。他们呼吁使专利制度更便宜，更易于浏览，并赋予其更大的权利。但是，这些要求遭到了强烈反对。在几年前成功争取废除贸易保护主义《玉米法》的经济自由主义者的支持下，这一方面的辩论认为自由贸易和竞争对经济是有利的。专利限制了两者；因此，不应改革专利，而应废除专利。

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    《The economist》 |2015年第8950期|50-52|共3页
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