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Alternative lifestyles

机译：另类生活方式

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Most of the alternatives to full membership of the EU are unattainable, unappealing or both. The EU will not disappear as an institution or a big market. A post-Brexit Britain will have to form a set of trading and institutional relationships with it. The uncertainty is over what these would be-and how long they might take to negotiate. Article 50 of the Lisbon treaty, which allows a country to leave, talks of two years for a deal, but to anyone who knows Brussels that seems optimistic. Broadly, there are five models to choose from. The first is to join the European Economic Area, a solution adopted by all but one of the EFTA states that did not join the EU. But the EEA now consists of just one small country, Norway, and two tiddlers, Iceland and Liechtenstein. The second option is to try to emulate Switzerland, the remaining EFTA country. It is not in the EEA but instead has a string of over 20 major and 100 minor bilateral agreements with the EU. The third is to seek to establish a customs union with the EU, as Turkey has done, or at least to strike a deep and comprehensive free-trade agreement. The fourth is simply to rely on normal World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules for access to the EU market. The fifth, preferred by most Eurosceptics, is to negotiate a special deal for Britain alone that retains free trade with the EU but avoids the disadvantages of the other models.
机译：欧盟正式成员的大多数替代方案都是无法实现的，缺乏吸引力的，或者两者兼而有之。欧盟不会作为一个机构或一个大市场而消失。英国脱欧后的英国将必须与其建立一系列贸易和机构关系。不确定因素是什么，以及谈判可能需要多长时间。允许一个国家离开的《里斯本条约》第50条商定了为期两年的协议，但对于任何了解布鲁塞尔的人来说似乎都是乐观的。大致上有五种型号可供选择。首先是加入欧洲经济区，这是除未加入欧盟外的所有EFTA成员国所采用的解决方案。但是欧洲经济区现在仅由一个小国挪威和两个小贩冰岛和列支敦士登组成。第二种选择是尝试效仿欧洲自由贸易区的剩余国家瑞士。它不在欧洲经济区，而是与欧盟达成了超过20项主要和100项双边双边协议。第三，是像土耳其一样，寻求与欧盟建立关税同盟，或者至少达成深刻而全面的自由贸易协定。第四，仅仅是依靠正常的世界贸易组织（WTO）规则进入欧盟市场。第五，最受欧洲怀疑论者欢迎的是，仅为英国谈判一项特殊协议，该协议保留与欧盟的自由贸易，但避免了其他模式的弊端。

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    《The economist》 |2015年第8960期|A13-A15|共3页
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