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Muscled out

机译：肌肉发达

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That swots are weedy andjocks are stupid is a high-school cliche. But a paper just published in plos Biology by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Max Planck Institutes in Germany suggests there may be an evolutionary grain of truth in it. When Katarzyna Bozek and her colleagues looked at how quickly human tissues have evolved, compared with those of other mammals, they found that as the human brain has got stronger, so the species's muscles have got weaker. In-triguingly, in a demonstration of the importance of serendipity in science, this was not a hypothesis they had set out to prove. Human brains are greedy. Though they constitute only 2% of an adult's body weight, they consume a fifth of his or her metabolic energy. Indeed, according to a school of thought led by Richard Wrang-ham of Harvard University, keeping the brain running is so demanding that only the invention of cooking, which makes more nutrients available from a given amount of food than can be extracted from it in its raw state, permitted the neurological expansion which created Homo sapiens. This need to supply the brain with energy suggests that other human organs are under pressure to economise. And muscle, it seems, has economised a lot.
机译：那些杂草丛生的杂草和愚蠢的傻子是高中的陈词滥调。但是，中国科学院和德国马克斯·普朗克研究所的研究人员刚刚在plos Biology中发表的一篇论文表明，其中可能存在进化的真相。与其他哺乳动物相比，Katarzyna Bozek和她的同事们观察了人类组织进化的速度时，发现随着人类大脑变得更强壮，该物种的肌肉也变得越来越弱。有趣的是，在证明偶然性在科学中的重要性时，这并不是他们开始证明的假设。人脑贪婪。尽管它们仅占成年人体重的2％，但它们消耗了他或她代谢能量的五分之一。确实，根据哈佛大学理查德·瓦朗汉姆（Richard Wrang-ham）领导的思想流派，保持大脑运转非常苛刻，以至于仅发明烹饪技术，即从给定数量的食物中获取的营养要多于从食物中获取的营养。它的原始状态允许神经系统的扩展，从而产生智人。为大脑提供能量的需求表明其他人体器官处于节约能源的压力下。肌肉似乎已经节省了很多。

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    《The economist》 |2014年第8889期|67-67|共1页
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