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Arrested development

机译:逮捕发展

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Thirty-five years ago Shenzhen was a tiny fishing village just over the river from British Hong Kong. Its inhabitants, like most Chinese, lived in poverty. In 1978 the average income in America was about 21 times that in China. But in 1979 China's leader, Deng Xiaoping, chose Shenzhen as the country's first special economic zone, free to experiment with market activity and trade with the outside world. Shenzhen quickly found itself at the leading edge of Chinese economic development, using the same model as Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong itself had done at earlier stages. In the late 1970s China was bursting with cheap, unskilled labour. It opened its doors (a crack, in lucky places like Shenzhen) to foreign manufacturers waiting to take advantage of these low labour costs. Even though wages were at rock bottom, both productivity and pay in urban factories were dramatically higher than in agriculture, so China's fledgling industrialisation attracted a steady flow of migrants from the countryside.
机译:三十五年前,深圳是一个很小的渔村,位于英国香港的河对岸。像大多数中国人一样,它的居民生活在贫困中。 1978年,美国的平均收入约为中国的21倍。但是在1979年,中国领导人邓小平选择深圳作为中国第一个经济特区,可以自由地进行市场活动和与外界进行贸易。深圳迅速采用与日本,韩国和香港本身在早期阶段所采用的模式相同的模式,迅速处于中国经济发展的前沿。 1970年代末期,中国涌现出廉价,不熟练的劳动力。它向外国制造商敞开了大门(在深圳这样的幸运之地,这是一个裂缝),等待外国制造商利用这些低廉的劳动力成本。尽管工资处于最低点,但城市工厂的生产率和工资都大大高于农业,因此,中国刚刚起步的工业化吸引了来自农村的稳定移民。

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    《The economist》 |2014年第8907期|A14-A16|共3页
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