One of India's big strategic worries is energy security. It imports most of its oil. It has lots of coal but struggles to dig it up, mainly because of the state mining monopoly's ineptitude. Gas is in demand but too little is pumped: by 2016 two-fifths of India's supply is likely to come from expensive imports of liquefied natural gas (lng). All this leaves India exposed to supply interruptions in the Middle East and elsewhere, and strains its balance of payments. India has not encouraged enough exploration and production at home. In the past 15 years only $16 billion has been invested in oil- and gasfields in India.
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