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DARC continent

机译:达克大陆

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Why is AIDS so much more prevalent in Africa than in other parts of the world? The question is both important and controversial. It is important because two-thirds of those infected with HIV, the virus that causes the disease, live on that continent. It is controversial because some of the explanations are behavioural, and are seen by many as racist slurs.rnBroadly, there are three proposed explanations. One is that because AIDS started in Africa, it has had more time to spread there. The second-the behavioural one-is that both formal and informal polygamy are more common in Africa than elsewhere. The third is that African physiology is unusually susceptible to the disease.rnAll three probably play a part. But a paper just published in Cell Host & Microbe suggests that a significant part of the answer may indeed be physiological. Weijing He of the University of Texas Health Science Centre, in San Antonio, and his colleagues have discovered that a genetic variation which is common in Africa both makes people more susceptible to infection and keeps them in a symptom-free state for longer, allowing them to pass the disease on.
机译:为什么艾滋病在非洲比在世界其他地区如此普遍?这个问题既重要又有争议。这很重要,因为感染艾滋病毒的三分之二的人生活在该大陆上。之所以引起争议,是因为其中的某些解释是行为主义的,并且被许多人视为种族主义诽谤。广泛地,提出了三种解释。一是因为艾滋病始于非洲,所以它有更多的时间在非洲传播。第二个是行为上的一类,即正式和非正式的一夫多妻制在非洲比在其他地方更为普遍。第三是非洲生理学对这种疾病异常敏感。这三者都可能起作用。但是,刚刚在《细胞宿主与微生物》杂志上发表的一篇论文表明,答案的很大一部分可能确实是生理上的。位于德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥市的德克萨斯大学健康科学中心的Weijing He及其同事发现,非洲常见的遗传变异不仅使人们更容易受到感染,而且使他们保持无症状状态的时间更长,这使他们能够传播疾病。

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    《The economist》 |2008年第8589期|9294|共2页
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