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Economics focus: A helping hand to homeowners

机译:经济学重点:对房主的帮助

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Governments across the rich world have taken drastic steps to save the banking system. As the fears of outright collapse recede, their focus has turned to improving the supply of credit to households and firms by pushing market interest rates down and encouraging banks to lend more freely. But a growing number of economists, and now the Bush administration, believe that the credit crunch also has to be addressed at its source-in America's housing market, where prices have fallen almost one-fifth from their peak, and foreclosures have soared (see chart).rnTwo features of housing finance make the crisis hard to resolve. The first is "no-recourse" home loans, which are standard in America (though not elsewhere). If a borrower defaults, a bank can claim back the property used as collateral, but nothing more. When the value of a home drops below the size of the mortgage, a borrower has a reason to default to escape his negative equity.rnBorrowers' freedom to disown their bad housing investments means the housing slump feeds on itself.
机译:富裕国家的政府已采取重大措施来挽救银行体系。随着对彻底崩溃的担忧逐渐消退,他们的重点已经转向通过降低市场利率和鼓励银行自由放贷来改善对家庭和企业的信贷供应。但是越来越多的经济学家以及现在的布什政府认为,信贷紧缩也必须从其根源开始解决。在美国的房地产市场中,房价已从最高水平下跌了近五分之一,止赎房屋飙升(参见住房金融的两个特征使得这场危机难以解决。第一个是“无追索权”房屋贷款,这在美国是标准的(尽管在其他地方不是)。如果借款人违约,银行可以索回用作抵押的财产,但仅此而已。当房屋价值下降到抵押贷款额以下时,借款人有违约的理由逃避其负资产。借款人放弃其不良住房投资的自由意味着住房市场的低迷会加剧。

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    《The economist》 |2008年第8603期|96|共1页
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