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The great thrift shift

机译:伟大的节俭转变

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On march 10th 2005, Ben Ber-nanke—a former Princeton professor who at the time was a governor of America's central bank—addressed a gathering of economists in Richmond, Virginia, on America's gaping current-account deficit. Its causes, he argued, were to be found abroad rather than in American profligacy. In particular, Mr Bernanke mused, the world might be suffering from a "global saving glut". The phrase immediately caught on. Like the famous remark about "irrational exuberance" by Alan Greenspan, the chairman of the Federal Reserve, it has since helped to shape the global economic debate. The idea's appeal lies in the way it ties together two of the most vexing questions about today's economic landscape: why are interest rates so low? And why can America borrow eye-popping amounts from foreigners with seeming impunity? According to the IMF'S latest World Economic Outlook, the global economy will grow by 4.3% this year, slower than in 2004 but still a healthy clip. Strong economic growth is normally accompanied by higher interest rates, but long-term interest rates are at their lowest levels since the 1960s.
机译:2005年3月10日,曾任普林斯顿大学教授,当时担任美国中央银行行长的本·伯南克在美国弗吉尼亚州里士满市召开的一次经济学家会议上,就美国不断扩大的经常账户赤字发表讲话。他认为,造成这种现象的原因是在国外发现的,而不是在美国的挥霍无度中。伯南克先生特别想,世界可能正在遭受“全球储蓄过剩”的困扰。这个短语立即流行起来。就像美联储主席艾伦•格林斯潘(Alan Greenspan)关于“非理性繁荣”的著名言论一样,此后也帮助塑造了全球经济辩论。这个想法的吸引力在于,它把有关当今经济形势的两个最棘手的问题联系在一起:为什么利率这么低?而且,为什么美国可以在似乎不受惩罚的情况下向外国人借钱大笔呢?根据国际货币基金组织最新的《世界经济展望》,今年全球经济将增长4.3%,虽然比2004年要慢,但仍然是健康的增长。强劲的经济增长通常伴随着较高的利率,但长期利率处于1960年代以来的最低水平。

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