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A stubborn curse

机译:顽固的诅咒

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Inequality is as Latin American as good dance music and magical-realist fiction. Like those other regional products, it thrives. The richest tenth among Latin Americans earn 48% of total income, while the poorest tenth earn just 1.6%, according to the World Bank. The equivalent figures for rich countries are 29.1% and 2.5%. Why is Latin America so unequal? Have the "neo-liberal" policies implemented in many countries in the region over the past 15 years or so made matters worse, as critics often assert? What could be done to reduce inequality? A hefty study by a team from the World Bank, recently released in draft form, attempts to answer these questions. It finds that inequality is deep-rooted, and has varied little over recent decades, despite big changes in economic policies. Data derived from household surveys show that income inequality across Latin America as a whole declined slightly in the 1970s, increased during the 1980s (the debt-ridden "lost decade") and showed no clear pattern in the liberalising 1990s.
机译:不平等就像拉丁美洲的优秀舞蹈音乐和魔幻现实主义小说一样。像其他地区产品一样,它蓬勃发展。根据世界银行的数据,拉丁美洲最富有的十分之一的人的收入占总收入的48%,而最贫穷的十分之一的人的收入仅占1.6%。富裕国家的当量数字分别为29.1%和2.5%。为什么拉丁美洲如此不平等?批评家经常断言,过去15年左右的时间里,该地区许多国家实施的“新自由主义”政策是否使情况变得更糟?如何减少不平等现象?世界银行的一个小组最近进行了一项艰巨的研究,该研究以草案的形式发布,试图回答这些问题。报告发现,尽管经济政策发生了巨大变化,但不平等根深蒂固,近几十年来变化不大。来自家庭调查的数据表明,整个拉丁美洲的收入不平等在1970年代总体上有所下降,在1980年代(债务缠身的“损失的十年”)期间有所增加,在1990年代的自由化中没有明显的模式。

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