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Protecting Indigenous Values in Water Management: A Challenge to Conventional Environmental Flow Assessments

机译：保护水资源管理中的土著价值：对常规环境流量评估的挑战

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Although environmental flow assessments and allocations have been practiced in Australia for nearly 20 years, to date they have not effectively incorporated indigenous values. In many cases, even though indigenous people rely substantially on aquatic resources, environmental flows have been assumed to be an acceptable surrogate for the protection of indigenous interests. This paper argues that the need to adapt flow assessments to account for linkages and dependencies between people and rivers is equally applicable to developed world indigenous contexts such as Australia as it is to developing countries where there has been some attempt to address indigenous or subsistence water requirements. We propose three challenges to conventional environmental flow assessments that, if met, will improve the ability of water resource planning to address indigenous interests. The first challenge is to recognize that in an indigenous context a different suite of species may be considered important when compared to those valued by other stakeholders. Although conservation status or rarity may be important, it is common and widespread species that make substantial contributions to indigenous household incomes through customary use. The second challenge is to accommodate a different set of management objectives in environmental flow allocation. Environmental flows will need to meet the requirement of hunting and fishing activities at rates that are socially and economically sustainable. The third and arguably most theoretically challenging task is for environmental flow assessments to take into account indigenous worldviews and the quality of people–place relationships that are significant in indigenous cultures. Meeting these three challenges to environmental flow assessment will assist water management agencies and other practitioners to protect indigenous interests as water allocation decisions are made.
机译：尽管在澳大利亚已经进行了近20年的环境流量评估和分配，但迄今为止，它们尚未有效地纳入土著价值观。在许多情况下，即使土著人民主要依靠水生资源，也假定环境流量是保护土著利益的可接受的替代手段。本文认为，需要进行流量评估以解决人与河之间的联系和依赖性，这同样适用于发达的世界土著环境，例如澳大利亚，也适用于试图解决土著或自来水需求的发展中国家。我们提出了常规环境流量评估的三个挑战，如果得到满足，将提高水资源规划解决土著利益的能力。第一个挑战是要认识到，在土著环境下，与其他利益相关者所重视的物种相比，另一套物种可能被认为是重要的。尽管保护状况或稀有性可能很重要，但它是常见且广泛分布的物种，它们通过习惯使用为土著家庭的收入作出了重大贡献。第二个挑战是在环境流量分配中容纳一套不同的管理目标。环境流量将需要以社会和经济上可持续的速度满足狩猎和捕鱼活动的要求。第三个也是理论上最具挑战性的任务是环境流评估，要考虑到土著世界观和土著文化中重要的人地关系质量。应对环境流量评估的这三个挑战将有助于水资源管理机构和其他从业人员在制定水资源分配决策时保护土著利益。

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