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Competition between Hardwood Hammocks and Mangroves

机译：硬木吊床和红树林之间的竞争

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摘要

The boundaries between mangroves and freshwater hammocks in coastal ecotones of South Florida are sharp. Further, previous studies indicate that there is a discontinuity in plant predawn water potentials, with woody plants either showing predawn water potentials reflecting exposure to saline water or exposure to freshwater. This abrupt concurrent change in community type and plant water status suggests that there might be feedback dynamics between vegetation and salinity. A model examining the salinity of the aerated zone of soil overlying a saline body of water, known as the vadose layer, as a function of precipitation, evaporation and plant water uptake is presented here. The model predicts that mixtures of saline and freshwater vegetative species represent unstable states. Depending on the initial vegetation composition, subsequent vegetative change will lead either to patches of mangrove coverage having a high salinity vadose zone or to freshwater hammock coverage having a low salinity vadose zone. Complete or nearly complete coverage by either freshwater or saltwater vegetation represents two stable steady-state points. This model can explain many of the previous observations of vegetation patterns in coastal South Florida as well as observations on the dynamics of vegetation shifts caused by sea level rise and climate change.
机译：南佛罗里达州沿海过渡带的红树林和淡水吊床之间的界限很清晰。此外，先前的研究表明，黎明前的水势存在不连续性，木本植物显示黎明前的水势反映了与盐水或淡水的接触。群落类型和植物水分状况的突然并发变化表明，植被和盐度之间可能存在反馈动态。本文介绍了一个模型，该模型根据降水，蒸发和植物水分吸收的函数来检查覆盖在咸水层（称为渗流层）上的土壤充气区域的盐度。该模型预测盐水和淡水营养物种的混合物代表不稳定状态。根据最初的植被组成，随后的营养变化将导致盐分渗流带高的红树林覆盖区或盐分渗流带低的淡水吊床覆盖区。淡水或咸水植被的全部或接近完全覆盖代表两个稳定的稳态点。该模型可以解释南佛罗里达州沿海地区许多以前的植被格局观测结果，以及因海平面上升和气候变化导致的植被变化动态的观测结果。

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