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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety >The significance of nanomaterial post-exposure responses in Daphnia magna standard acute immobilisation assay: Example with testing TiO_2 nanoparticles
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The significance of nanomaterial post-exposure responses in Daphnia magna standard acute immobilisation assay: Example with testing TiO_2 nanoparticles

机译：Daphnia magna标准急性固定化分析中纳米材料暴露后响应的重要性：以测试TiO_2纳米颗粒为例

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One of the most widely used aquatic standarized tests for the toxicity screening of chemicals is the acute toxicity test with the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna, which has also been applied in the toxicity screening of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs). However, in the case of non-soluble NPs most of the results of this test have showed no effect. The aim of the work presented here was to modify the standardized test by the least possible extent to make it more sensitive for non-soluble particles. The standard acute immobilisation assay with daphnids was modified by prolonging the exposure period and by measuring additional endpoints. Daphnids were exposed to TiO2 NPs in a standard acute test (48 h of exposure), a standard acute test (48 h of exposure) followed by 24 h recovery period in clean medium or a prolonged exposure in the NPs solutions totaling 72 h. Together with immobility, the adsorption of NPs to body surfaces was also observed as an alternative measure of the NPs effects. Our results showed almost no effect of TiO2 NPs on D. magna after the 48 h standard acute test, while immobility was increased when the exposure period to TiO2 NPs was prolonged from 48 h to 72 h. Even when daphnids were transferred to clean medium for additional 24h after 48h of exposure to TiO2 NPs the immobility increased. We conclude that by transferring the daphnids to clean medium at the end of the 48 h exposure to TiO2 NPs, the delayed effects of the tested material can be seen. This methodological step could improve the sensitivity of D. magna test as a model in nanomaterial environmental risk assessment.
机译：化学品毒性筛选中使用最广泛的水生标准测试之一是使用淡水甲壳类水蚤（Daphnia magna）进行的急性毒性测试，该测试也已应用于人造纳米颗粒（NPs）的毒性筛选。但是，对于非可溶性NP，该测试的大多数结果均未显示效果。此处提出的工作的目的是在最小程度上修改标准测试，以使其对不溶性颗粒更加敏感。通过延长暴露时间和测量其他终点值，可以对使用水蚤进行的标准急性固定试验进行修改。在标准的急性试验（暴露48小时），标准的急性试验（暴露48小时）中，将蚤类动物暴露于TiO2 NPs，然后在干净的培养基中恢复24 h，或者在NPs溶液中长时间暴露总计72 h。与固定性一起，还观察到了NPs在身体表面的吸附，作为NPs作用的替代方法。我们的结果表明，在48小时的标准急性试验后，TiO2 NP几乎对魔芋无影响，而当TiO2 NP的暴露时间从48 h延长至72 h时，固定性增加。即使在将达芙尼暴露于TiO2 NP 48小时后又转移到干净的培养基中24小时，固定性也增加了。我们得出的结论是，在暴露于TiO2 NP 48小时后，将水蚤转移到清洁的介质中，可以看到被测材料的延迟作用。该方法步骤可以提高D. magna试验作为纳米材料环境风险评估模型的敏感性。

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