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Multi-stage Frequency Control of a Microgrid in the Presence of Renewable Energy Units

机译：存在可再生能源单元的微电网的多级频率控制

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摘要

The integration of distributed generations such as photovoltaic and wind as well as large load variations leads to the significant issue of frequency stability problem. This paper presents a multi-stage frequency control for microgrids. Energy storage systems such as BESSs are selected as a flexible and fast-response device for this application. In the first stage, a PI control method based on PSO for the BESS is applied in order to minimize the frequency deviations. Moreover, in contingency modes, in which the BESS with the optimized PI control application cannot stabilize the system due to the unbalanced situation of supply and demand, fast reaction of the central control system operator is necessary in order to protect the network from collapse. Hence, in the second stage of the control, a Fuzzy-logic frequency controller as a smart controller is designed. This controller proposes solutions through power level change such as load shedding in a short time to rescue the network from instability. The proposed method is validated by a set of simulations on a representative microgrid. The effectiveness of the proposed multistage control is illustrated through the comparison to the one-stage controller without the Fuzzy-logic part.
机译：诸如光伏和风能之类的分布式发电的集成以及大的负载变化导致了频率稳定性问题的重大问题。本文提出了微电网的多级频率控制。 BESS之类的储能系统被选为该应用的灵活，快速响应的设备。在第一阶段，基于BSO的基于PSO的PI控制方法被应用，以使频率偏差最小。而且，在应急模式下，由于供需的不平衡状况，具有优化PI控制应用的BESS无法使系统稳定，因此，为了防止网络崩溃，中央控制系统操作员必须做出快速反应。因此，在控制的第二阶段，设计了模糊逻辑频率控制器作为智能控制器。该控制器提出了通过更改功率水平（例如在短时间内减少负载）来解决问题的方案，以使网络免受不稳定的影响。通过在代表性微电网上进行的一组模拟验证了所提出的方法。通过与不带模糊逻辑部分的一级控制器的比较，说明了所提出的多级控制的有效性。

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