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Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units with Linear and Non-linear Models

机译：具有线性和非线性模型的相量测量单元的最优布置

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摘要

This article presents a non-linear programming-based model for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units. The optimal phasor measurement units placement is formulated to minimize the number of phasor measurement units required for full system observability and to maximize the measurement redundancy at all buses in a power system. A sequential quadratic programming algorithm is used for the solution of the proposed model. The existence of power flow and injection measurements, the limited phasor measurement units channel capacity, the lack of communication facilities in substations, and the single phasor measurement units loss are also incorporated into the initial proposed formulation. The non-linear programming model is applied to IEEE 14- and 118-bus test systems in MATLAB. The accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the simulation results to those obtained by a binary integer programming model also implemented in MATLAB. The comparative study shows that the proposed non-linear programming model yields the same number of phasor measurement units as the binary integer programming model. A remarkable advantage of the non-linear programming against binary integer linear programming is its capability to give more than one optimal solution, each one having the same minimum number of phasor measurement units (same minimum objective value), but at different locations.
机译：本文提出了一种基于非线性编程的模型，用于相量测量单元的最佳放置。制定了最佳相量测量单元布置，以最大程度地减少完整系统可观察性所需的相量测量单元数量，并使电力系统中所有母线的测量冗余度最大化。顺序二次规划算法用于所提出模型的求解。潮流和注入测量的存在，相量测量单元通道容量的限制，变电站中通信设备的缺乏以及单相量测量单元的损耗也被纳入了最初提出的公式。非线性编程模型已应用于MATLAB中的IEEE 14总线和118总线测试系统。通过将仿真结果与同样由MATLAB实现的二进制整数编程模型获得的仿真结果进行比较，验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。比较研究表明，所提出的非线性规划模型产生的相量测量单位数量与二进制整数规划模型相同。非线性编程相对于二进制整数线性编程的一个显着优势是，它能够提供多个最优解，每个最优解具有相同的最小相量测量单位（相同的最小目标值），但位置不同。

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