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Advanced Battery Storage Control for an Autonomous Microgrid

机译：自主微电网的高级电池存储控制

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摘要

A new control method for battery storage to maintain acceptable voltage profile in autonomous microgrids is proposed in this article. The proposed battery control ensures that the bus voltages in the microgrid are maintained during disturbances such as load change, loss of micro-sources, or distributed generations hitting power limit. Unlike the conventional storage control based on local measurements, the proposed method is based on an advanced control technique, where the reference power is determined based on the voltage drop profile at the battery bus. An artificial neural network based controller is used to determine the reference power needed for the battery to hold the microgrid voltage within regulation limits. The pattern of drop in the local bus voltage during power imbalance is used to train the controller off-line. During normal operation, the battery floats with the local bus voltage without any power injection. The battery is charged or discharged during the transients with a high gain feedback loop. Depending on the rate of voltage fall, it is switched to power control mode to inject the reference power determined by the proposed controller. After a defined time period, the battery power injection is reduced to zero using slow reverse-droop characteristics, ensuring a slow rate of increase in power demand from the other distributed generations. The proposed control method is simulated for various operating conditions in a microgrid with both inertial and converter interfaced sources. The proposed battery control provides a quick load pick up and smooth load sharing with the other micro-sources in a disturbance. With various disturbances, maximum voltage drop over 8% with conventional energy storage is reduced within 2.5% with the proposed control method.
机译：本文提出了一种新的电池存储控制方法，以维持自主微电网中可接受的电压曲线。提出的电池控制功能可确保在干扰（例如负载变化，微源损耗或分布式发电达到功率极限）期间维持微电网中的总线电压。与基于局部测量的常规存储控制不同，该方法基于先进的控制技术，其中参考功率是基于电池总线上的电压降曲线确定的。基于人工神经网络的控制器用于确定电池将微电网电压保持在调节范围内所需的参考功率。功率不平衡期间本地总线电压的下降模式用于离线训练控制器。在正常操作期间，电池以本地总线电压浮动，而没有注入任何功率。瞬态期间，电池通过高增益反馈环路进行充电或放电。根据电压下降的速率，将其切换到功率控制模式以注入由建议的控制器确定的参考功率。在定义的时间段之后，使用缓慢的反向下降特性将电池功率注入降低到零，从而确保其他分布式发电的功率需求的缓慢增长速度。在具有惯性和转换器接口源的微电网中，针对各种工况模拟了所提出的控制方法。拟议的电池控制可在干扰情况下快速拾取负载并与其他微源实现平稳的负载共享。在各种干扰情况下，采用建议的控制方法，常规储能的最大电压降超过8％，降低到2.5％以内。

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