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Differential protection for stator ground faults in a full-converter wind turbine generator

机译：全变频器风力发电机发电机定子接地故障的差动保护

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摘要

Consolidated schemes and philosophies have been developed for Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) protection. Although various studies have addressed this topic, including the internal protection function, there is still room for improvement, for instance, concerning the use of differential logic under varying frequencies. An aggravating factor related to protection issues is the high penetration of electronic devices in recent topologies, which may result in different responses in the case of internal faults, depending on the control strategy. In this scenario, conventional protection may not work properly. Based on this and considering the increasing tendency towards using full-converter WECS, there is a need to standardize them as well as improve their protection schemes. Thus, this paper analyses the application of the differential function in order to detect internal faults in a full-converter wind turbine generator. A differential protection scheme based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) using dynamic window was discussed in this paper. The main objective was to reduce the phasor estimation error caused by the stator frequency variation. A complete protection scheme was implemented and tested using fault simulations from a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Very promising results were obtained. Furthermore, it was demonstrated throughout the paper that the grounding configuration greatly influences the protection performance of such equipment.
机译：已经为风能转换系统（WECS）的保护制定了综合方案和理念。尽管各种研究已经解决了这个问题，包括内部保护功能，但仍有改进的余地，例如，在变化的频率下使用差分逻辑。与保护问题相关的加剧因素是电子设备在最近的拓扑中的高度渗透，根据控制策略的不同，在内部故障的情况下，这可能导致不同的响应。在这种情况下，常规保护可能无法正常工作。基于此，并考虑到使用全转换器WECS的日益增长的趋势，有必要对其进行标准化并改善其保护方案。因此，本文分析了微分函数的应用，以检测全变频器风力发电机的内部故障。讨论了基于离散傅里叶变换（DFT）的动态窗差动保护方案。主要目的是减少由定子频率变化引起的相量估计误差。使用实时数字仿真器（RTDS）的故障仿真来实施和测试完整的保护方案。获得了非常有希望的结果。此外，整篇文章都证明了接地配置会极大地影响此类设备的保护性能。

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