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Thermally controllable demand response with multiple load aggregators

机译：具有多个负载聚合器的可热控制的需求响应

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摘要

Demand response (DR), as an effective way to improve operational efficiency of distribution networks, also imposes challenges on the mechanism design of ancillary services. Thermally controllable load (TCL), e.g. heating, ventilating, air-conditioner, has increased significantly in recent decades, which can be leveraged as a flexible resource owing to its well responsive capability towards the market incentives. Nevertheless, the spatially distributed TCLs are hardly coordinated through traditional DR schemes directly implemented by distribution network operators (DNOs). In this paper, a hierarchical market model is newly proposed to address this issue, where multiple load aggregators (LAs) perform as profit-pursing intermediaries by offering aggregated service to bridge interaction between DNOs and end-users. This model is devised with two levels. At the top level, aggregators' benefits are determined by Shapley value method, which is in proportion to their contributions to cost minimization in utility operation. At the bottom level, end-users decide the temporally responsive amount by reaching a trade-off between the monetary revenue and resultant discomfort. Case studies illustrate that the proposed model provides an easy access to multiple aggregators to coordinate the widely distributed TCLs, which exhibits a high potential of practical application for system operators.
机译：需求响应（DR）作为提高配电网络运营效率的有效方法，也对辅助服务的机制设计提出了挑战。热控负载（TCL），例如近几十年来，供暖，通风，空调的使用显着增加，由于其对市场激励措施的响应能力强，因此可以用作灵活的资源。尽管如此，通过分布式网络运营商（DNO）直接实施的传统DR方案很难协调空间分布的TCL。在本文中，新提出了一种分层市场模型来解决此问题，在该模型中，多个负载聚合器（LA）通过提供聚合服务来桥接DNO与最终用户之间的交互，从而充当了追求利润的中介。该模型设计有两个层次。在最高层次上，聚合商的收益是通过Shapley值法确定的，该方法与他们对公用事业运营中成本最小化的贡献成正比。在最底层，最终用户通过在货币收入和所产生的不适之间进行权衡来决定时间响应量。案例研究表明，所提出的模型可轻松访问多个聚合器以协调广泛分布的TCL，这对系统运营商具有很大的实际应用潜力。

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