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Analysis and improvement of cross-regional cooperation for automatic frequency restoration reserves

机译：自动恢复储备跨区域合作的分析与改进

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摘要

Frequency restoration reserves (FRRs) are currently procured and activated by individual transmission system operators (TSOs) in Japan. To enhance the efficiency of the balancing process, a balancing market will be established in 2021, with the introduction of cross-regional cooperation for an automatic FRR (aFRR) being discussed. The cross-regional aFRR cooperation will be conducted through the procedures of the imbalance netting and aFRR sharing. As for the imbalance netting, two methods -i.e., the ACE netting and aFRR demand (aFRR-d) netting -have been used in the US and Europe, respectively. This study examines the merits and demerits of those netting methods through the time-domain simulations using a model comprising two Japanese TSOs' control areas. Although the ACE netting is more efficiently in reducing frequency fluctuations, the reduction effect in aFRR activations is limited. In contrast, the aFRR-d netting can reduce aFRR activations more efficiently while the time required to restore the frequency can be prolonged. To utilize the merits and compensate for the demerits of the above two netting methods, this paper proposes a combination of those netting methods. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can reduce the frequency fluctuations as effectively as the ACE netting and can reduce the aFRR activations as effectively as the aFRR-d netting in comparison with the localized aFRR operation.
机译：频率恢复储备（FRRS）目前被日本的各个传输系统运营商（TSOS）采购和激活。为提高平衡过程的效率，将在2021年建立平衡市场，引入正在讨论自动FRR（AFRR）的跨区域合作。将通过不平衡网和AFRR分享的程序进行交叉区域AFRR合作。至于不平衡网，两种方法-i.e.，ACE网和AFRR需求（AFRR-D）网分别用于美国和欧洲。本研究通过使用包括两个日本TSOS控制区域的模型来检查这些网路方法的优点和缺点。尽管ACE网在降低频率波动方面更有效，但AFRR激活中的还原效果是有限的。相比之下，AFRR-D网可以更有效地减少AFRR激活，而恢复频率所需的时间可以延长。利用优点并补偿上述两种网状方法的缺点，本文提出了这些网路方法的组合。仿真结果表明，该方法可以减少频率波动作为ACE网，可以减少与局部AFRR操作相比的作为AFRR-D网的AFRR激活。

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