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Development of a hybrid protection scheme for active distribution systems using polarities of current transients

机译：使用电流瞬变极性为有源配电系统开发混合保护方案

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Effective protection of active distribution systems under changing states of distributed generators that have little or no contributions to fault currents is a major challenge. In case of microgrids, protection need to be effective in both grid connected and islanded modes, and fast enough to preserve the stability of the generators connected to the active distribution network. Intentional time delays inherent in the coordination of traditional overcurrent and distance protection may cause the distributed generators to significantly deviate from the nominal operating conditions during disturbances. This results in poor power quality and even disconnection from the grid. This paper investigates a novel hybrid protection scheme that combines the speed of transient based protection with the security of traditional phasor based protection to overcome the above-mentioned issues in active distribution system protection. The proposed transient based protection discriminates the faults by comparing the polarity of fault generated transients measured at the zone boundaries. The challenges in measuring high frequency transients is overcome by using Rogowski coil sensors. The problem of security during transients originating from non-fault events is addressed by employing traditional phasor based protection to supervise the transient based protection. The efficacy of the proposed protection strategy is evaluated by simulating some typical distribution network configurations in an electromagnetic transient (EMT) type simulation program. Simulation results demonstrate the increased speed in the protection operations. As a result, deviations in frequency and voltage are reduced. Results presented in this paper also demonstrate the capability of the proposed method in fast identification and isolation of faults under challenging situations such as high fault resistances and varying fault inception angles. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在分布式发电机状态不断变化（对故障电流影响很小或没有贡献）的情况下，有效保护有源配电系统是一项重大挑战。对于微电网，保护需要在并网和孤岛模式下均有效，并且必须足够快以保持连接到有源配电网的发电机的稳定性。传统过电流和距离保护的协调所固有的故意时间延迟可能会导致分布式发电机在干扰期间明显偏离标称运行条件。这导致电能质量差，甚至与电网断开连接。本文研究了一种新颖的混合保护方案，该方案将基于暂态保护的速度与传统基于相量的保护的安全性相结合，以克服有源配电系统保护中的上述问题。所提出的基于暂态的保护通过比较在区域边界测得的故障产生的暂态的极性来区分故障。使用Rogowski线圈传感器克服了测量高频瞬态的挑战。通过使用传统的基于相量的保护来监督基于瞬态的保护，可以解决源自非故障事件的瞬态期间的安全性问题。通过在电磁暂态（EMT）类型的仿真程序中模拟一些典型的配电网络配置，可以评估所提出的保护策略的有效性。仿真结果表明，保护操作的速度有所提高。结果，减小了频率和电压的偏差。本文提出的结果还证明了所提出的方法在具有挑战性的情况下（例如高的抗故障能力和变化的故障起始角度）快速识别和隔离故障的能力。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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