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首页> 外文期刊>Electrical Engineers - Part III: Radio and Communication Engineering, Journal of the Institution of >Fluctuations of Electric Current
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Fluctuations of Electric Current

机译：电流波动

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摘要

Random fluctuations in the amplitude of an electric current were originally discovered in two different circumstances: (a) the fluctuation in the current through a thermionic valve, which is known as ????????shot noise,???????? and (b) the voltage fluctuation at the terminals of a resistor, which is known as ????????Johnson noise.???????? The theory of these two types of fluctuation is presented in outline form; and it is shown how these two aspects of the fundamentally discrete nature of the flow of electric current, when it is a stream of electrons, can be unified into a single theory of current fluctuations due to random motions of the electrons. The theory is applied also to the controversial case of a space-charge-limited thermionic valve. Subsidiary factors, such as partition of current in a screen-grid valve and the behaviour of secondary-emission amplifiers, are of great technical importance, and methods of estimating the magnitude of their effects are described. The equivalent temperature of the radiation resistance of an aerial is also considered.
机译：电流振幅的随机波动最初是在两种不同的情况下发现的：（a）通过热电子阀的电流波动，称为“散粒噪声”，即“散粒噪声”。 ??? （b）电阻两端的电压波动，即约翰逊噪声。这两种类型的波动的理论以大纲形式表示。并且显示了当电流是电子流时，电流的基本离散特性的这两个方面如何可以归结为由于电子的随机运动而引起的电流波动的单个理论。该理论也适用于具有空间电荷限制的热电子阀的争议情况。辅助因素，例如屏蔽栅阀中的电流分配和次级发射放大器的行为，在技术上具有重要意义，并描述了估算其影响大小的方法。还考虑天线的辐射电阻的等效温度。

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