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Coordinated selection of procurement bids in finite capacity environments

机译：在有限能力环境中协调选择采购投标

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Pressure to increase agility and reduce costs is pushing enterprises to dynamically select among offers from a broader range of suppliers. This process is facilitated by the adoption of web services standards. An important requirement in this context is the ability to move away from unidimensional price-based e-procurement models and develop richer solutions that are capable of capturing other important attributes in the selection of supplier bids. Research on the evaluation and selection of supplier bids ("winner determination") has traditionally ignored the temporal and finite capacity constraints under which manufacturers and service providers often operate. We consider the problem faced by a firm that procures multiple key components or services from a number of possible suppliers. Bids submitted by suppliers include both a price and a delivery date. The firm has to select a combination of supplier bids that will maximize its overall profit. Profit is determined by the revenue generated by the products (or services) sold by the firm, the costs of the components (or services) it acquires as well as late delivery penalties it incurs if it fails to deliver its products/services in time to its own customers. We provide a formal model of this important class of problems, discuss its complexity and introduce rules that can be used to efficiently prune the resulting search space. We proceed to show that our model can be characterized as a pseudo-early/tardy scheduling problem and use this observation to build an efficient heuristic search procedure. Computational results show that our heuristic procedure typically yields solutions that are within a few percent from the optimum. They further indicate that taking into account the manufacturer/service provider's capacity can significantly improve its bottom line.
机译：增强敏捷性和降低成本的压力促使企业从更广泛的供应商中动态选择报价。 Web服务标准的采用促进了此过程。在这种情况下，一个重要的要求是能够摆脱基于一维价格的电子采购模型并开发更丰富的解决方案的能力，该解决方案能够在选择供应商投标时捕获其他重要属性。传统上，对供应商报价的评估和选择（“获胜者确定”）的研究忽略了制造商和服务提供商经常在时间和有限能力上的约束。我们考虑一家公司从许多可能的供应商那里购买多个关键组件或服务所面临的问题。供应商提交的投标包括价格和交货日期。公司必须选择供应商投标的组合，以使其整体利润最大化。利润取决于公司销售的产品（或服务）产生的收入，所获得的组件（或服务）的成本以及如果未能及时交付产品/服务而产生的延迟交付罚款。它自己的客户。我们提供了此类重要问题的正式模型，讨论了其复杂性，并介绍了可用于有效修剪结果搜索空间的规则。我们继续表明，我们的模型可以被描述为伪早期/迟到调度问题，并使用此观察结果来构建有效的启发式搜索过程。计算结果表明，我们的启发式程序通常得出的解决方案与最优解的误差在百分之几之内。他们进一步指出，考虑到制造商/服务提供商的能力可以显着提高其底线。

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