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Factors influencing the adoption of digital reference services among the university librarians in Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦大学图书馆员中采用数字参考咨询服务的因素

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Purpose-This study aims to explore the factors affecting the adoption of digital reference services (DRS) among the university librarians in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach-Based on the adapted unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, the proposed study tested 12 hypothetical relationships through structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques. The study approach was quantitative based on a questionnaire distributed online to a sample of Pakistani university librarians and completed by 289 respondents. The questionnaire used in this study was developed from other validated instruments used in past empirical studies. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were performed through SPSS and AMOS for SEM. Findings-The results revealed usefulness, ease of use and information and communication technology (ICT) skills as the significant predictors of the adoption of DRS. However, moderating influence of the demographic factors (age, gender and type of library) on the relationship of predictors with outcome variable was found insignificant. The findings of this study imply that individuals' readiness for the adoption of DRS is present in the university libraries of Pakistan. Originality/value-In the context of Pakistan, this study was the first attempt that investigated factors of the adoption of DRS at individual level. In addition, two new factors-namely, ICT skills and library type-were incorporated into the UTAUT model and were then evaluated in the Pakistani context. However, these two factors were found insignificant in influencing librarians towards the adoption of DRS. The intended study is equally useful for librarians in other countries in terms of understanding the factors that impact the effective adoption of DRS.
机译：目的-本研究旨在探讨影响巴基斯坦大学图书馆员采用数字参考服务（DRS）的因素。设计/方法/方法-基于适应性技术接受和使用统一理论（UTAUT）模型，本研究通过结构方程模型（SEM）技术测试了12种假设关系。该研究方法是基于在线分发给巴基斯坦大学图书馆员样本的问卷进行定量的，并由289名受访者完成。本研究中使用的调查表是根据过去的经验研究中使用的其他经过验证的工具开发的。通过SPSS和AMOS对SEM进行描述性和推论性数据分析。结果-结果显示出实用性，易用性以及信息和通信技术（ICT）技能是采用DRS的重要预测指标。但是，发现人口统计学因素（年龄，性别和图书馆类型）对预测变量与结果变量之间关系的调节作用微不足道。这项研究的结果表明，巴基斯坦的大学图书馆中存在着人们愿意采用DRS的意愿。原创性/价值-在巴基斯坦的背景下，这项研究是首次尝试在个人层面研究采用DRS的因素。此外，将两个新因素，即信息通信技术技能和图书馆类型纳入了UTAUT模型，然后在巴基斯坦范围内进行了评估。但是，发现这两个因素对影响图书馆员采用DRS的影响微不足道。就了解影响有效采用DRS的因素而言，预期的研究对其他国家的图书馆员同样有用。

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