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首页> 外文期刊>Electronics and Communications in Japan. Part 3, Fundamental Electronic Science >A Design of Array-Microphone System Using Directional Microphones and Two-Dimensional FIR Filters
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A Design of Array-Microphone System Using Directional Microphones and Two-Dimensional FIR Filters

机译：使用定向麦克风和二维FIR滤波器的阵列麦克风系统设计

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摘要

Delay-and-sum array microphones consisting of a linear array of microphones can achieve a sharp directivity at high frequencies. A disadvantage is that the directivity depends on the frequency. In order to resolve this problem, an array microphone using a fan filter has been proposed. However, in order to form a sharp beam at a low frequency, it is necessary to increase the filter order and the array length. In this paper, we report improvement of the directivity of an array microphone realizing a narrow beam with a relatively low order of the filter by means of a two-dimensional frequency domain design. Employing two microphones, a first-order pressure-gradient microphone is formed. The spacing of the microphones is set for high sensitivity and broad bandwidth in the operating frequency range. The amplitude characteristics are obtained in the two-dimensional frequency domain. These microphone units are placed along a line and are cascaded to a two-dimensional fan filter so that the load is distributed. In the proposed configuration, a cardioid microphone is cascaded with an axially symmetric fan filter in a configuration that forms a single broadside beam. Another configuration forms a single beam in the endfire direction by cascading the bidirectional microphone to a diagonally symmetric fan filter. Deterioration of the pressure-gradient microphone is compensated for by the two-dimensional FIR filter. As a result, the directional characteristics of the pressure-gradient microphone are reflected in the array microphone and a sharp directivity not dependent on the frequency is obtained over a wide frequency range.
机译：由麦克风线性阵列组成的延迟和求和阵列麦克风可以在高频下实现清晰的指向性。缺点是方向性取决于频率。为了解决该问题，已经提出了使用风扇滤波器的阵列麦克风。但是，为了在低频下形成尖锐的光束，需要增加滤波器的阶数和阵列长度。在本文中，我们报告了通过二维频域设计，实现了阵列麦克风的指向性的改进，该阵列麦克风通过使用相对较低阶的滤波器实现了窄波束。利用两个麦克风，形成一阶压力梯度麦克风。麦克风的间距设置为在工作频率范围内具有高灵敏度和宽带宽。在二维频域中获得振幅特性。这些麦克风单元沿一条线放置，并级联到二维风扇滤波器，以便分配负载。在建议的配置中，心形麦克风与轴向对称风扇滤波器层叠在一起，形成一个单独的宽边波束。另一种配置是通过将双向麦克风级联到对角对称的风扇滤波器，在端射方向上形成单个波束。二维FIR滤波器可以补偿压力梯度传声器的劣化。结果，压力梯度传声器的方向特性在阵列传声器中得到反映，并且在宽的频率范围内获得了不依赖于频率的尖锐的指向性。

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