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Federal policy, local policy, and green building certifications in the U.S.

机译：联邦政府，地方政策和美国的绿色建筑认证

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Buildings account for about 40% of total U.S. energy consumption and around a third of total energy-related CO2 emissions. Concerns about these emissions have led federal, state, and local governments to pass policies to reduce energy use in buildings. In this paper, we examine whether policies aimed at encouraging green building certifications are associated with an increase in the gross floor area per capita of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certifications. We focus specifically on commercial LEED building retrofits certified under - :existing buildings: operations and maintenance (EB), commercial interiors (CI), and core and shell (CS) rating system categories. Using a panel data approach, we find that metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) with local policies, particularly requirement and density programs, are associated with significant increases in commercial LEED retrofits. Specifically, we find that the switch of an MSA from having no requirement policy to having a requirement policy is associated with an increase of 0.22 LEED sqft/capita [0.02 LEED sqm/capita] (compared to an average of 0.6 LEED sqft/capita [0.06sqm/capita] across all buildings in 2016). We also find that federal policies and improvements to the LEED rating system are associated with increases in LEED certifications. While the impacts of federal policy and LEED rating system updates are difficult to separate, our work suggests that local policy, federal policy, and modifications to the LEED rating system can work in concert to drive green building adoption. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：建筑物占美国总能源消费的约40％，占总能源相关二氧化碳排放量的三分之一。对这些排放的担忧导致联邦，州和地方政府通过政策来减少建筑物中的能源使用。在本文中，我们检查旨在鼓励绿色建筑认证的政策是否与能源和环境设计领导（LEED）认证的领导地层的总建筑面积增加有关。我们专注于商业LEED建筑改造（经过认证）：现有建筑物：运营和维护（EB），商业内部（CI）和核心和壳牌（CS）评级系统类别。使用面板数据方法，我们发现大都市统计领域（MSA）与当地政策，特别是要求和密度方案，与商业LEEEDREETITS的显着增加有关。具体而言，我们发现MSA的开关没有任何要求策略与需求政策有关的增加0.22 LEED SQFT / CAPITA [0.02 LEED SQM / CAPITA]（相比平均为0.6 LEED SQFT / CAPITA [ 0.06SQM / CAPITA] 2016年的所有建筑物）。我们还发现，联邦政策和对LEED评级系统的改进与LEED认证的增加有关。虽然联邦政策和LEED评级系统更新的影响难以分开，但我们的工作表明，本地政策，联邦政策和对LEED评级系统的修改可以协助演唱会推动绿色建筑的采用。 （c）2019 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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