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Field test and simulation evaluation of variable refrigerant flow systems performance

机译：可变制冷剂流量系统性能的现场测试和仿真评估

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This study aims to compare a performance of Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system with Roof Top Unit (RTU) variable-air-volume (VAV) system through field tests and energy simulations. The field test was conducted at the same conditions as much as possible between two systems such as the installation and operating environments of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system including internal heat gain and outdoor conditions including buildings to compare the performance of two systems accurately. A VRF system and RTU were installed at the test building located in Tennessee Oak Ridge in the USA and the same internal heat gain was generated at the same operating time of the two systems using lighting, electric heater, and humidifier inside the building. The HVAC system was alternately operated between cooling and heating operations to acquire energy performance data and compare energy usage. Furthermore, an hourly building energy simulation model was developed with regard to the VRF system and RTU and then the model was calibrated using actual measured data. Then, annual energy consumptions of the two systems were compared and analyzed using the calibrated model. Moreover, additional analysis was conducted also when the control of discharge air temperature in the RTU was changed. The field test result showed that when energy consumptions of two systems were compared at the same outdoor conditions using the weather-normalized model, the VRF system exhibited energy reduction by 17% during cooling operation and by 74% during heating operation approximately. A comparison on the annual energy consumption using simulations showed that the VRF system reduced more energy consumption than that of the RTU by 60%. When a discharge air temperature in the RTU was controlled according to an outdoor air temperature, energy consumption of RTU was reduced by 6% in cooling temperature and 18% in heating operation, respectively. As a result, energy consumption of the VRF system was reduced more than that of the RTU by 55% approximately. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：本研究旨在通过现场测试和能源模拟，比较可变制冷剂流量（VRF）系统与屋顶机组（RTU）可变风量（VAV）系统的性能。现场测试是在两个系统之间尽可能相同的条件下进行的，例如供暖，通风和空调（HVAC）系统的安装和运行环境（包括内部热量获取）和室外条件（包括建筑物），以比较两个系统的性能。准确。在位于美国田纳西州橡树岭的测试大楼中安装了VRF系统和RTU，并且在大楼内部使用照明，电加热器和加湿器在两个系统的相同运行时间产生了相同的内部热量增加。 HVAC系统在制冷和制热操作之间交替运行，以获取能源性能数据并比较能源使用情况。此外，针对VRF系统和RTU开发了每小时的建筑能耗模拟模型，然后使用实际测量数据对模型进行了校准。然后，使用校准模型对两个系统的年度能耗进行比较和分析。此外，当改变RTU中的排气温度控制时，也进行了额外的分析。现场测试结果表明，使用天气标准化模型在相同的室外条件下比较两个系统的能耗时，VRF系统在制冷运行期间的能耗降低了17％，在制热运行期间的能耗降低了约74％。通过仿真比较年度能耗，发现VRF系统比RTU降低了60％以上的能耗。当根据室外空气温度控制RTU中的排气温度时，RTU的能耗在冷却温度下降低了6％，在制热操作中降低了18％。结果，VRF系统的能耗比RTU降低了约55％。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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