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A numerical study of adaptive building enclosure systems using solid-solid phase change materials with variable transparency

机译：使用具有可变透明度的固-固相变材料的自适应建筑围护系统的数值研究

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摘要

Buildings currently consume about 40% of all energy use in the US and therefore play an important role in mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions. Passive solar design strategies can be used to limit building heating and cooling demands. Current passive solar design strategies, however, require substantial design effort for each individual project, often require mechanical and electrical control systems, and the approach is also difficult to implement in building retrofit projects. Solid-solid phase change materials (SS-PCM) are currently emerging as alternative materials for thermal energy storage. Here we present an exploratory study on two innovative climate responsive building enclosure systems that employ the transparency change and latent heat storage capacity of SS-PCMs as mechanisms to passively control building temperature. The first system is based on a thin layer of SS-PCM that is placed on top of a highly reflective film to control solar heat gain. The second system uses a layer of SS-PCM foam to store thermal energy and control heat flow. The performance characteristics of the systems are evaluated using finite element modeling techniques. Simulation results shed light on the synergistic interactions between different components of the systems and indicate that both systems can reduce undesirable heat exchange between the building and its environment if designed properly. Recommendations are made regarding various material and system parameters, including the attenuation coefficient of the SS-PCM, system thickness, void ratio and distribution of the void ratio of the SS-PCM foam based system, and phase transition temperature. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在美国，建筑物目前消耗了全部能源消耗的40％，因此在减轻全球温室气体排放中起着重要作用。被动式太阳能设计策略可用于限制建筑物的供暖和制冷需求。但是，当前的被动太阳能设计策略需要为每个单独的项目进行大量设计工作，通常需要机械和电气控制系统，并且该方法在建筑改造项目中也难以实施。固-固相变材料（SS-PCM）目前正在作为热能存储的替代材料出现。在这里，我们对两个创新的气候响应式建筑围护系统进行了探索性研究，这些系统采用SS-PCM的透明度变化和潜热存储能力作为被动控制建筑温度的机制。第一个系统基于SS-PCM的薄层，该薄层放置在高反射膜的顶部以控制太阳热量的获取。第二个系统使用一层SS-PCM泡沫来存储热能并控制热流。使用有限元建模技术评估系统的性能特征。仿真结果阐明了系统不同组件之间的协同相互作用，并表明，如果设计合理，这两个系统都可以减少建筑物及其周围环境之间不希望的热交换。针对各种材料和系统参数提出了建议，包括SS-PCM的衰减系数，系统厚度，SS-PCM泡沫基系统的空隙率和空隙率分布以及相变温度。 （C）2018 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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