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On input parameters, methods and assumptions for energy balance and retrofit analyses for residential buildings

机译：关于住宅建筑能量平衡和改造分析的输入参数，方法和假设

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In this study we explore key parameter values, methods and assumptions used for energy balance modelling of residential buildings in the Swedish context and analyse their effects on calculated energy balance of a typical multi-storey building from 1970s and on energy savings of energy efficiency retrofit measures. The parameters studied are related to microclimate, building envelope, occupancy behaviour, ventilation, and heat gains from electric appliances and persons. Our study shows that assumed indoor air temperature, internal heat gains and efficiency of ventilation heat recovery units have significant effect on the simulated energy performance of the studied building and energy efficiency measures. Of the considered microclimate parameter values and assumptions, the outdoor temperature, ground solar reflection and window shading have significant impact on the simulated space heating and cooling demands. On the contrary, the simulated energy performances are less affected by the variations in air pressure outside and the percentage of wind load that hits the building. We found that input data and assumptions used for energy balance calculations and energy saving analyses vary significantly in the Swedish context. These result in significantly different calculated final energy performance of buildings and energy efficiency measures. To inform accurate analysis of energy performance of building and energy saving measures, input parameters used in simulation models need to be appropriate. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在这项研究中，我们探索了在瑞典语境下用于住宅建筑能量平衡建模的关键参数值，方法和假设，并分析了它们对1970年代典型多层建筑的计算能量平衡以及节能改造措施的节能影响。 。研究的参数与微气候，建筑物围护结构，居住行为，通风以及电器和人员产生的热量有关。我们的研究表明，假定室内空气温度，内部热量获取和通风热回收装置的效率对所研究建筑物的模拟能源性能和能效措施均具有重大影响。在考虑的微气候参数值和假设中，室外温度，地面太阳反射和窗户遮光对模拟的空间供热和制冷需求有重大影响。相反，外界的气压变化和撞击建筑物的风荷载百分比对模拟的能源性能的影响较小。我们发现，在瑞典语环境中，用于能量平衡计算和节能分析的输入数据和假设存在很大差异。这些结果导致建筑物的最终计算出的最终能源性能和能效措施存在显着差异。为了提供对建筑物能源性能和节能措施的准确分析，需要在模拟模型中使用输入参数。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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