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Sustainability assessment of energy saving measures: A multi-criteria approach for residential buildings retrofitting-A case study of the Spanish housing stock

机译：节能措施的可持续性评估：住宅建筑翻新的多准则方法-以西班牙房屋存量为例

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摘要

The building sector is well known to be one of the key energy consumers worldwide. The renovation of existing buildings provides excellent opportunities for an effective reduction of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions but it is essential to identify the optimal strategies. In this paper a multi-criteria methodology is proposed for the comparative analysis of retrofitting solutions. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Cost (LCC) are combined by expressing environmental impacts in monetary values. A Pareto optimization is used to select the preferred strategies. The methodology is exemplified by a case study: the renovation of a representative housing block from the 1960s located in Madrid. Eight scenarios have been proposed, from the Business as Usual scenario (BAU), through Spanish Building Regulation requirements (for new buildings) up to the Passive House standard. Results show how current renovation strategies that are being applied in Madrid are far from being optimal solutions. The required additional investment, which is needed to obtain an overall performance improvement of the envelope compared with the common practice to date, is relatively low (8%) considering the obtained life cycle environmental and financial savings (43% and 45%, respectively). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：众所周知，建筑行业是全球主要的能源消费者之一。现有建筑物的翻新为有效减少能源消耗和温室气体排放提供了极好的机会，但确定最佳策略至关重要。在本文中，提出了一种多标准方法来对改造解决方案进行比较分析。生命周期评估（LCA）和生命周期成本（LCC）通过以货币价值表示环境影响相结合。使用帕累托优化来选择首选策略。该方法以一个案例研究为例：对1960年代位于马德里的一个有代表性的住房进行了翻新。提出了八种方案，从照常使用方案（BAU），到西班牙建筑法规要求（针对新建筑物），直至被动房标准。结果表明，马德里目前采用的装修策略远非最佳解决方案。考虑到所获得的生命周期环境和财务节省（分别为43％和45％），与迄今为止的常规做法相比，要获得整体性能的提高，所需的额外投资相对较低（8％）。 。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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