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On-site assessment of the discharge coefficient of open windows

机译：现场评估敞开窗户的排放系数

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摘要

For assessing the discharge coefficient of an opening it is necessary to measure, as accurately as possible, the flow rate and the corresponding pressure difference that occurs when the fluid passes through it. When the openings are as big as windows applied in common building spaces the open section of the window is not negligible when compared with the cross-section of the room. In these conditions, the flow velocity in the room is not negligible and the obstructions (e.g., furniture) are prone to have a higher influence on measurements. In addition, the external windows are subject to the wind action, which may also impair the measurement. Even though these are not the ideal conditions, they are the common conditions in which natural ventilation occurs. In this paper, on site measurements of the discharge coefficient of open windows were carried out and the feasibility of these measurements was evaluated. Two methods were used (flow driven by a fan and flow driven by wind action) and compared. It is shown that the discharge coefficient of a side-hung casement window with a roller shutter may range from C-d = 0.41 to C-d = 0.81 and that the discharge coefficient of a bottom hung casement window is C-d = 0.84. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：为了评估开口的排放系数，有必要尽可能精确地测量流量和当流体通过时产生的相应压差。当开口与在公共建筑空间中使用的窗户一样大时，与房间的横截面相比，窗户的开口部分不可忽略。在这些条件下，房间中的流速不可忽略，并且障碍物（例如家具）易于对测量产生更大的影响。此外，外部窗户会受到风的影响，这也可能会损害测量结果。即使这些不是理想条件，但它们是自然通风发生的常见条件。在本文中，对敞开窗户的排放系数进行了现场测量，并评估了这些测量的可行性。使用了两种方法（风扇驱动的气流和风力作用的气流）并进行了比较。结果表明，带有卷帘的侧开式平开窗的排出系数可以在C-d ＝ 0.41至C-d ＝ 0.81的范围内，而下悬式平开窗的排出系数为C-d ＝ 0.84。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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