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Naturally ventilated classrooms: An assessment of existing comfort models for predicting the thermal sensation and preference of primary school children

机译：自然通风的教室：评估现有的舒适度模型，以预测小学生的热感和偏好

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摘要

Current thermal comfort models are based on studies with adult subjects, mainly in offices. There is no assurance however that these models apply to children. This paper presents findings from thermal comfort surveys and measurements of indoor environmental variables in naturally ventilated classrooms in Hampshire, England. School children aged 7-11 were surveyed regarding their thermal sensation and preference in repeated survey runs outside the heating season, gathering about 1300 responses in total. The results were compared to predictions achieved with the two common approaches used in existing comfort standards, the heat balance and the adaptive comfort model. The heat balance model indices PMV (predicted mean vote) and PPD (predicted percentage of dissatisfied) were calculated for the survey periods, using the measured physical parameters, estimated values for clothing insulation and four different approaches for determining the metabolic rate. The applicability of the adaptive comfort model was investigated by comparing the comfort temperature equation derived from the survey with the equation used in the European Standard EN 15251. The results suggest that children are more sensitive to higher temperatures than adults with the comfort temperatures being about 4 C and 2 C lower than the PMV and the EN 15251 adaptive comfort model predictions respectively.
机译：当前的热舒适性模型是基于对成年人的研究，主要是在办公室。但是，不能保证这些模型适用于儿童。本文介绍了在英格兰汉普郡自然通风教室进行的热舒适性调查和室内环境变量的测量结果。在供暖季节之外的重复调查中，对7-11岁的小学生的热感和偏好进行了调查，总共收集了1300份答案。将结果与现有舒适标准中使用的两种常见方法（热量平衡和自适应舒适模型）所获得的预测结果进行了比较。使用测量的物理参数，衣物隔热估计值和四种确定代谢率的方法，计算了调查期间的热平衡模型指标PMV（预测的平均投票）和PPD（预测的不满意百分比）。通过将调查得出的舒适温度方程与欧洲标准EN 15251中使用的方程进行比较，研究了适应性舒适模型的适用性。结果表明，在舒适温度约为4的情况下，儿童比成年人更敏感于较高的温度C和2 C分别低于PMV和EN 15251自适应舒适度模型预测。

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  • 来源
    《Energy and Buildings》 |2012年第10期|p.166-182|共17页
  • 作者

    Despoina Teli; Mark F.Jentsch; Patrick A.B.James;

  • 作者单位

    Sustainable Energy Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment. University of Southampton, Southampton S017 1BJ, United Kingdom;

    Urban Energy Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bauhaus-Universitaet Weimar, Coudraystrasse 7, 99423 Weimar, Germany;

    Sustainable Energy Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment. University of Southampton, Southampton S017 1BJ, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    school children; thermal comfort; comfort models; thermal performance; school buildings;

    机译：学童;热舒适度;舒适度模型;热性能学校建筑;

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