Full scale experimental study of single-sided ventilation: Analysis of stack and wind effects

Marcello Caciolo; Pascal Stabat; Dominique Marchio

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Full scale experimental study of single-sided ventilation: Analysis of stack and wind effects

机译：单面通风的全面实验研究：烟囱和风的影响分析

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Natural ventilation can contribute to the reduction of the air conditioning demand and to the improvement of thermal comfort in buildings. In this paper, the flow field and the air change rate generated by a simple configuration of natural ventilation, namely single-sided ventilation, are examined experimentally. The experiments are realized in a full scale building exposed to outdoor conditions, using several measurement techniques. The main features of the flow generated by stack and wind effect are examined for different outdoor conditions (temperature difference, wind speed and direction). Finally, measured air change rates are compared to those calculated by existing correlations in order to analyze their applicability to the experimental configuration. Results show that the wind generates turbulence diffusion at the opening, counteracting the stack effect. Moreover, in the case of windward opening, there is an additional effect, namely the effect of mixing layer, which tends to increase the airflow rate. Existing correlations give reasonably good results in the case of windward opening, while in the case of leeward opening they overestimate the airflow rate.

机译：自然通风可有助于减少空调需求并改善建筑物的热舒适性。在本文中，通过自然通风的简单配置（即单面通风）产生的流场和换气率将通过实验进行检验。使用多种测量技术，可在暴露于室外条件的大型建筑物中进行实验。针对不同的室外条件（温度差，风速和风向）检查了烟囱产生的气流和风效应的主要特征。最后，将测得的空气变化率与现有相关性计算出的空气变化率进行比较，以分析其对实验配置的适用性。结果表明，风在开口处产生湍流扩散，抵消了烟囱效应。而且，在迎风打开的情况下，存在另外的效果，即混合层的效果，其趋向于增加气流速率。现有的相关性在迎风打开的情况下会给出相当好的结果，而在背风打开的情况下会高估气流速率。

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《Energy and Buildings》 |2011年第7期|p.1765-1773|共9页
作者
Marcello Caciolo; Pascal Stabat; Dominique Marchio;
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作者单位

CEP Mines ParisTech, 60 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75272 Paris Cedex 06, Paris, France;

CEP Mines ParisTech, 60 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75272 Paris Cedex 06, Paris, France;

CEP Mines ParisTech, 60 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75272 Paris Cedex 06, Paris, France;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类
关键词
natural ventilation; single-sided; free cooling; window opening; passive cooling; full scale experiment;

机译：自然通风;单面;自然冷却;开窗;被动冷却;全面实验;

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1. Erratum to 'Full scale experimental study of single-sided ventilation: Analysis of stack and wind effects' [Energy Build. 43 (2011) 1765-1773] [J] . Marcello Caciolo, Pascal Stabat, Dominique Marchio Energy and Buildings . 2011,第11期

机译：勘误表“单侧通风的大规模实验研究：烟囱和风的影响分析” [能源建设。 43（2011）1765-1773]
2. A Wind Tunnel Experimental Analysis of the Ventilation Characteristics of a Room with Single-Sided Opening in Uniform Flow [J] . Shinsuke Kato, Ryohei Kono, Takamasa Hasama International Journal of Ventilation . 2006,第1期

机译：均匀流动单侧开口房间通风特性的风洞实验分析
3. A full-scale field study for evaluation of simple analytical models of cross ventilation and single-sided ventilation [J] . Fan S., Wykes M. S. Davies, Lin W. E., Building and Environment . 2021,第Jana期

机译：交叉通风简单分析模型评估的全规模实地研究
4. EFFECTS OF WINDOW SIZE AND LOCATION AND WIND DIRECTION ONTHERMAL COMFORT WITH SINGLE-SIDED NATURAL VENTILATION [C] . M. A. Hassan, M. R. Shaalan, K. M. El-Shazly World renewable engery congress;WREC 2004 . 2004

机译：单侧自然通风对窗户的大小，位置和风向热舒适性的影响
5. An experimental analysis of the effects of ventilation, airflow and door configuration on the transmission of synthetic respiratory aerosols in a hospital. [D] . Herstein, Kelli R. 2014

机译：对医院中通风，气流和门构型对合成呼吸气溶胶传播的影响进行实验分析。
6. Protective effects of melatonin on lung damage associated with one-lung ventilation: An experimental study [O] . Erhan Durceylan, Ebubekir Aksu, Hacer Boztepe, 2020

机译：褪黑素对单肺通气相关肺损伤的保护作用：一项实验研究
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。

Full scale experimental study of single-sided ventilation: Analysis of stack and wind effects

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