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Experimental Statistical Method Predicting AC Losses on Random Windings and PWM Effect Evaluation

机译：试验统计方法预测随机绕组和PWM效应评估的AC损耗

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摘要

Nowadays, one of the challenges in transport electrification is the reduction of the components' size and weight in order to improve the power density. This is often achieved by designing electrical machines with higher rotational speeds and excitation frequencies. In addition, the converter needs to control the machine over a wide speed range given by the mission profile. Therefore, copper losses can significantly increase due to the combination of high frequency excitation and the harmonics introduced by the converter. The winding arrangement design plays a key role in the minimization of the copper losses, thus towards a higher efficiency and/or an improved power density. Different winding topologies can be adopted for high speed electrical machines and amongst them random windings are still one of the most widespread types. This paper presents an in depth study on AC losses in random windings for high frequency motor applications. An analytical method is compared against 2-D Finite Element (FE) simulation results. These are then compared to experimental measurements taken on a custom motorette. Importantly, in order to take into account the random positions of each strand within the machine slots, an Experimental Statistic Method (ESM) is proposed. The ESM allows to define the probability distribution which is useful to evaluate the winding copper losses at the design stage. The contribution of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) effect is also considered and experimentally evaluated.
机译：如今，运输电气化的挑战之一是减少组件的尺寸和重量，以提高功率密度。这通常是通过设计具有较高转速和励磁频率的电机来实现的。此外，转换器需要在任务配置文件给出的广泛速度范围内控制机器。因此，由于高频激励和转换器引入的谐波，铜损耗可以显着增加。绕组布置设计在最小化铜损失中起着关键作用，从而朝着更高的效率和/或改善的功率密度。对于高速电机和随机绕组仍然是最广泛类型之一的不同绕组拓扑。本文对高频电机应用随机绕组中的AC损耗提出了深入研究。将分析方法与二维有限元（Fe）仿真结果进行比较。然后将这些与在定制电机上拍摄的实验测量进行比较。重要的是，为了考虑机器槽内每个股线的随机位置，提出了一种实验统计方法（ESM）。 ESM允许定义可用于评估设计阶段的绕组铜损失的概率分布。还考虑脉冲宽度调制（PWM）效应的贡献并进行实验评估。

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