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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Conversion & Management >Gaseous fuels variation effects on first and second law analyses of a small direct injection engine for micro-CHP systems
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Gaseous fuels variation effects on first and second law analyses of a small direct injection engine for micro-CHP systems

机译：气体燃料变化对微型热电联产系统小型直喷发动机第一定律和第二定律分析的影响

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摘要

This paper examines the detailed energy and exergy distribution of a 34 cc (cc) air-cooled, two-stroke engine configured to operate on different natural gas (NG) compositions, pure methane, and propane. The engine was developed for application in a small, decentralized combined heat and power (CHP) system. It included optimized intake and exhaust resonators designed from Helmholtz resonance theory to promote effective scavenging. Operation occurred at wide-open-throttle (WOT) at an engine speed of 5400 revolutions per minute (RPM) with low-pressure direct injection (LPDI). Electronic ignition timing was adjusted for maximum brake torque (MBT) while the air-fuel ratio (AFR) was adjusted by injection duration, such that both rich and lean combustion were examined. In addition, start of injection (SOI) was adjusted to balance maximum fuel trapping and combustion stability. Full energy and exergy distribution analyses were completed, as engine operating regimes changed. Exergy was divided into work (available), lost (recoverable), and destructed availabilities. It was found that fuel loss and heat transfer contributed the most to exergy losses, accounting for around 15% and 9% of fuel exergy, respectively. Propane with the highest density, showed the highest in-cylinder trapped energy, heat transfer and, peak utilization factor (UF) of 85.3%. Due to fuel presence in the exhaust, lower 1st law efficiency did not necessarily result into a lower 2nd law efficiency. Higher mixture stratification with propane operation increased carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and hydrogen (H-2) content due to rich operation. CO oxidation could recover up to around 5% and 4% of injected fuel energy as heat for CHP system with propane and NG, respectively. Peak 2nd law efficiencies were around 60.5% while peak 1st law indicated efficiency was around 29%. This discrepancy was due to both exhaust hydrocarbon (HC from fuel slip and incomplete combustion) content, exhaust CO content, and heat loss availabilities.
机译：本文研究了配置为以不同的天然气（NG）成分，纯甲烷和丙烷运行的34 cc（cc）空冷二冲程发动机的详细能量和火用分布。该发动机是为在小型分散式热电联产（CHP）系统中应用而开发的。它包括根据亥姆霍兹共振理论设计的优化进气和排气共振器，以促进有效的扫气。在低压直喷（LPDI）的情况下，发动机以5400转/分钟（RPM）的转速在全开节气门（WOT）下运行。调节电子点火正时以获得最大制动扭矩（MBT），同时通过喷射持续时间调节空燃比（AFR），以便同时检查浓燃烧和稀燃烧。此外，调整了喷射开始（SOI）以平衡最大的燃油捕获和燃烧稳定性。随着发动机工况的变化，对能量和火用的充分分布进行了分析。火用分为工作（可用），丢失（可恢复）和破坏的可用性。研究发现，燃料损失和热传递是造成火用损失的最大原因，分别占燃料火用的15％和9％。具有最高密度的丙烷显示出最高的缸内捕集能，热传递和峰值利用率（UF）为85.3％。由于废气中存在燃料，因此第一定律效率较低并不一定会导致第二定律效率较低。丙烷操作会导致更高的混合物分层，这归因于操作丰富，一氧化碳（CO）排放量和氢（H-2）含量增加。对于带有丙烷和天然气的热电联产系统，CO氧化最多可回收约5％的注入燃料能量和4％的热量作为热量。高峰第二定律效率约为60.5％，而高峰第一定律表明效率约为29％。这种差异是由于废气中的碳氢化合物（来自燃油滑移和不完全燃烧的HC）含量，废气中的CO含量以及热损失率所致。

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  • 来源
    《Energy Conversion & Management》 |2019年第3期|609-625|共17页
  • 作者

    Darzi Mandi; Johnson Derek; Ulishney Chris; Oliver Dakota;

  • 作者单位

    West Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Ctr Alternat Fuels Engines & Emiss, 263 Engn Sci Bldg, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;

    West Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Ctr Alternat Fuels Engines & Emiss, 263 Engn Sci Bldg, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;

    West Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Ctr Alternat Fuels Engines & Emiss, 263 Engn Sci Bldg, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;

    West Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Ctr Alternat Fuels Engines & Emiss, 263 Engn Sci Bldg, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Natural Gas; Composition; Propane; CHP; LPDI;

    机译：天然气;成分;丙烷;CHP;LPDI;

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