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Energy efficiency in small districts: Dynamic simulation and technoeconomic analysis

机译：小区能效：动态仿真与技术经济分析

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摘要

In European Union Countries, local authorities have developed their own Sustainable Energy Action Plan aiming at planning the urban strategies to achieve the European Union and national 2020 energy targets. This document is used for detecting and deploying the energy measures which each municipality should adopt in order to reduce the environmental impact of the municipality activities. Further efforts are expected to define the strategies for achieving 2050 goals. In this framework, this work deals with the dynamic estimation energy saving actions for small districts located in different Italian weather zones (Naples and Turin, located in South and North Italy, respectively). The data of the Sustainable Energy Action Plan were used to develop suitable dynamic models, implemented in TRNSYS environment, including different buildings of selected districts. In particular, all the buildings were modelled by means of the Type 56 of TRNSYS, coupled to the Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d plug-in. By means of Type 56, it is possible to take into account and simulate the buildings geometry, envelope, windows, lighting, machineries heat gains schedule as well as the buildings users' occupation and activity. Given the loads, several energy efficient renovation alternatives based on the adoption of air-to-air conventional and carbon dioxide heat pumps, evacuated thermal collectors and photovoltaic panels, as well as the envelope renovation of all the public and private buildings of the district, are proposed and compared. Results, obtained by detailed dynamic energy and environmental analyses, can be used as guidelines for the local authorities to implement suitable energy efficiency actions of existing buildings in order to reduce both the thermal energy and carbon dioxide emissions due to the building space heating/cooling, domestic hot water and electricity. The proposed renewable layout for Naples case study achieves a primary energy savings of 58% with a payback period of 4 years. The renewable layout for Turin case study achieves a primary energy savings of 76% with a payback period of 10.6 years.
机译：在欧洲联盟国家，地方当局制定了自己的可持续能源行动计划，旨在规划城市战略实现欧盟和国家2020年能源目标。本文档用于检测和部署每个市政当局应采取的能源措施，以减少市政活动对环境影响。预计进一步的努力将确定实现2050个目标的策略。在这一框架中，这项工作涉及位于不同意大利天气区（分别位于南部和北意大利的那不勒斯和都灵）的小区的动态估计节能动作。可持续能源行动计划的数据用于开发合适的动态模型，在Trnsys环境中实施，包括所选地区的不同建筑物。特别是，所有建筑物都是通过TRNSYS的56型建模的，耦合到Google SketchUp TRNSYS3D插件。借助于56型，可以考虑并模拟建筑物几何形状，信封，窗口，照明，机器热量提升时间表以及建筑物用户的职业和活动。鉴于负载，基于采用空到空气传统和二氧化碳热泵，疏散的热量收集器和光伏板的几种节能改造替代品，以及该区所有公共和私人建筑物的包络改造，提出并进行比较。结果通过详细的动态能源和环境分析获得，可用作当局当局实施合适的建筑物的能效作用的指导方针，以减少由于建筑空间加热/冷却而导致的热能和二氧化碳排放量，国内热水和电力。那不勒斯案例研究的拟议可再生布局达到58％的主要节能，回收期4年。可再生案例研究的可再生布局达到76％的主要节能，回收期为10.6岁。

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