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Experimental investigation of syngas composition variation along updraft fixed bed gasifier

机译：沿高压床气化器合成气组成变化的实验研究

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Fixed bed gasification represents a convenient pathway for exploiting lignocellulose since it can be carried out on a small scale, while current technology is robust and fairly simple. Updraft gasifier is characterized by higher efficiency and is flexible towards feedstock, compared to the downdraft gasifier. The hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio is the decisive parameter for determining syngas quality. Present contribution for the first time reports the evolution of the syngas composition at different heights of the reactive biomass bed in a pilot plant operating in a continuous mode, i.e. 20-30 kg/h of biomass feed. This was achieved by probing syngas streams directly from the core and analysing it onsite to measure the content of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, light hydrocarbons, nitrogen and oxygen, whilst the tar content was analysed offline. The addition of steam deeply affected the evolution of the chemical species and thermal profile. The syngas chemical composition was related to the thermal profile provided by in bed measurements of six thermocouples at the same locations. In the tests, almond shells were gasified with air or air and superheated steam mixture at equivalence ratio of 0.20 +/- 0.01 and various steam to biomass ratios between 0 and 0.16 kg/kg. Addition of steam stabilized thermal profile inside the gasifier below 900 degrees C, improved the production of hydrogen up to 37.5 g/kg of biomass and the cold gas efficiency up to 72.5%. The use of steam positively affected the molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide that reached a steady value of 0.77 during the gasification operated at steam to biomass ratio of 0.11 kg/kg, versus the value of 0.46 measured in the corresponding test operated only with air. On the other hand, steam addition increased tar production up to 163 g/kg in air/steam gasification compared to the 137 g/kg with air gasification. Obtained data of the syngas composition along the bed height provide insight into the underlying physical and chemical phenomena and can be further used for the improvement and validation of gasification mathematical models.
机译：固定床气化代表了一种方便的途径，用于利用木质纤维素，因为它可以在小规模上进行，而目前的技术是坚固且非常简单的。上升气化器的特点是效率较高，与下降气化器相比，朝向原料柔韧。氢气为一氧化碳比例是用于确定合成气质量的决定性参数。本次贡献首次报告了在以连续模式操作的试验厂中的反应性生物质床的不同高度在不同高度下的Syngas组合物的演变，即20-30kg / h的生物质饲料。这是通过直接从核心探测合成气流并分析其现场以测量氢气，一氧化碳，二氧化碳，轻质烃，氮和氧的含量来实现的，同时分析焦油含量。蒸汽的添加深深影响了化学物质和热型材的演变。合成气化学组成与在同一位置处的六个热电偶的床测量提供的热曲线有关。在试验中，杏仁壳与空气或空气和过热蒸汽混合物在0.20 +/- 0.01的等效比和各种蒸汽到0到0.16kg / kg之间的生物质比气化。加入蒸汽稳定的热轮廓在10℃以下的气化器内，提高了氢的生产高达37.5克/千克的生物质，冷气效高达72.5％。使用蒸汽积极地影响氢气与一氧化碳的摩尔比，该一氧化碳在蒸汽到生物质比为0.11kg / kg的气化过程中达到0.77的稳定值，而在相应的试验中测量的值为0.46的值。另一方面，与空气气化的137g / kg相比，蒸汽添加在空气/蒸汽气化中增加了高达163克/千克的焦油产量。获得沿床高度的合成气组成的数据提供了对潜在的物理和化学现象的洞察力，并且可以进一步用于改进和验证气化数学模型。

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