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Comparative study on thermal performance of horizontal ground source heat pump systems with Dirichlet and Robin boundary conditions on ground surface

机译：水平地面热泵系统热性能的比较研究与地面上的Dirichlet和Robin边界条件

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The heat transfer of horizontal ground heat exchanger (HGHE) is susceptible to the ground surface boundary condition (BC) due to the relatively shallow buried depth. This study aimed to compare the thermal performance of HGHEs with different ground surface BC by developing a 3D numerical model. Three commonly used HGHEs, namely spiral, slinky, and linear-type HGHE, and three ground surface BCs, namely constant temperature, time varying temperature, and energy balance BC, were considered in the numerical models to compare the shortterm performance of HGHEs with various BCs. The ground source heat pump (GSHP) system model, coupling the heat transfer model of HGHE and the model of heat pump, was further proposed to analyze the long-term heating efficiency of horizontal GSHP systems applied in a residential building with different BCs. Concerning that the influence of ground surface BC may vary with the buried depth of HGHE, a series of sensitivity analyses were lastly performed. The results reveal that there is no affirmatory relationship between the ground surface temperature and time, meaning that the use of sinusoidal or other forms of functions cannot accurately evaluate the ground surface temperature. The predicted fluid temperature and coefficient of performance (COP) of the GSHP system are underestimated by forcing the surface temperature to follow the constant or time-varying temperature, and those underestimations decline with the increase of the buried depth. Neglecting the thermal interaction of HGHE and ground surface results in small variation ranges in fluid temperature and COP. Compared to the spiral and slinky-type GSHP system, the heat exchange performance of linear-type GSHP system are more sensitive to the ground surface BC. This paper underscored the importance of using proper BC in modelling HGHE to accurately evaluate the thermal performance of HGHE.
机译：由于掩埋深度相对较浅，水平接地热交换器（HGHE）的热传递易受地面边界条件（BC）的影响。本研究旨在通过开发3D数值模型来比较HGHES与不同地面BC的热性能。在数值模型中考虑了三种常用的HGHE，即螺旋，纤维，型HGHE，以及三个地面BC，以及三个地面BC，即恒定温度，时变温度和能量平衡BC，以比较HGHES与各种影响的短期性能BCS。进一步提出了地面热泵（GSHP）系统模型，耦合HGHE和热泵模型的传热模型，分析了不同BCS在住宅建筑中施用的水平GSHP系统的长期加热效率。关于地面BC的影响可能随着HGHE的埋深度而变化，最后进行了一系列敏感性分析。结果表明，地面温度和时间之间没有肯定的关系，这意味着使用正弦或其他形式的功能不能准确地评估地面温度。通过迫使表面温度遵循恒定或时变温度来低估GSHP系统的预测流体温度和性能系数（COP），并且这些温度随着埋地深度的增加而下降。忽略HGHE和地面的热相互作用导致流体温度和COP中的小变化范围。与螺旋和纤维型GSHP系统相比，线性型GSHP系统的热交换性能对地面BC更敏感。本文强调了使用合适的BC在模拟HGHE中进行准确评估HGHE的热性能的重要性。

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