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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Conversion & Management >Assessing the performance of vehicles powered by battery, fuel cell and ultra-capacitor: Application to light-duty vehicles and buses
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Assessing the performance of vehicles powered by battery, fuel cell and ultra-capacitor: Application to light-duty vehicles and buses

机译：评估由电池，燃料电池和超电容器提供动力的车辆的性能：在轻型车辆和公共汽车上应用

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As alternative vehicle technologies gain more importance in the market, this work assesses the possibility of a multi power source vehicle configuration by evaluating the performance of an electric vehicle powered by battery (BEV), fuel cell (FCEV), ultra-capacitor (UC) and combination of the former. A flexible vehicle simulation model was developed in MATLAB-Simulink and vehicle performance was evaluated in various 1 Hz certified cycles, enabling the assessment of light duty and heavy-duty vehicles powered by various power sources. The developed model accurately estimates energy consumption and range of passenger vehicle with an average absolute error of less than 4% and 2% for the electric bus. The study showed that BEV has the least energy consumption (23%), followed by FCEV (65%) compared to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles in real world conditions. Regarding the combination of energy sources, an increase in range by 10% is estimated when battery is combined with fuel cell, while combining ultra-capacitor with battery enables a lifetime extension of battery life by 10%, with negligible change in range. Combining secondary sources with fuel cell shows a reduction of total fuel cell capacity by 40% for the same operation. Analysis on ultra-capacitor showed negative response with light duty vehicle, while for buses the usage of batteries shows positive results with negative impacts on cost and recharging time. Ultra-capacitors are highly recommended for short-frequent trips with fast recharging and a life of 20 years, while fuel cells as a primary energy source are recommended for the long-range trips in coaches and trucks.
机译：作为替代车辆技术在市场上提高了更多重要性，这项工作通过评估电池（BEV），燃料电池（FCEV），超电容器（UC）的电动车辆的性能来评估多电源车辆配置的可能性。和前者的结合。在Matlab-Simulink中开发了一种柔性车辆仿真模型，并在各种1 Hz认证周期中评估了车辆性能，从而可以评估各种电源供电的轻型和重型车辆。开发模型准确地估计了电动总线的平均绝对误差的乘用车和乘用车的范围。该研究表明，与现实世界条件中的内燃机（ICE）车辆相比，BEV具有最低能耗（23％），其次是FCEV（65％）。关于能源的组合，当电池与燃料电池组合时，估计增长率为10％，同时将超电容器与电池组合，使电池寿命的寿命延长10％，范围可忽略不计。将二次来源与燃料电池组合表示相同操作的总燃料电池容量的降低40％。超电容器分析显示了光税车的负响应，而公共汽车的使用情况显示电池的使用显示出对成本和充电时间的负面影响的积极结果。强烈建议超电容器用于快速充电和20年寿命的短频道，而建议为教练和卡车的远程旅行推荐作为主要能源的燃料电池。

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