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Issues, comparisons, turbine selections and applications - An overview in organic Rankine cycle

机译：问题，比较，涡轮机的选择和应用-有机朗肯循环概述

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摘要

Waste heat accounts nearly 50% of the total energy used in the industries. This low grade thermal energy is mostly available in the temperature range of 120-650 degrees C, which can be effectively utilized to produce power by which the consumption of the fossil fuels can be mitigated to a certain extent. The total solar irradiance measured by satellite is roughly found to be 1361 W/m(2) which can be effectively utilised. The conversion of heat to electricity is often carried out by heat engines and thermodynamic cycles also play a major role in utilising waste heat effectively. Among the thermodynamic cycles, organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is considered to be an effective approach in harnessing low grade thermal energy. ORC is used in heat recovery of low-temperature sources such as biomass combustion, industrial waste heat, and geothermal heat. The efficient operation of ORC depends on the working fluid and expander employed which determines the efficiency and power output of the cycle. Compared to experimentation works, modeling works are mostly studied in the case of ORC. Current review predominantly focuses on the review of various thermodynamic cycles for power production, working fluids that can be employed in the cycle, turbine selection and applications of ORC by employing it as topping or bottoming cycle in other primary heat or power cycles.
机译：余热占工业总能耗的近50％。这种低品位的热能主要在120-650摄氏度的温度范围内提供，可以有效地利用该热能发电，从而可以在一定程度上减轻化石燃料的消耗。卫星测得的总太阳辐照度大致为1361 W / m（2），可以有效利用。热到电的转换通常由热机进行，热力学循环在有效利用废热中也起着重要作用。在热力学循环中，有机朗肯循环（ORC）被认为是利用低品位热能的有效方法。 ORC用于低温源的热回收，例如生物质燃烧，工业余热和地热。 ORC的有效运行取决于所使用的工作流体和膨胀机，膨胀机决定了循环的效率和功率输出。与实验工作相比，在ORC方面，主要研究建模工作。当前的综述主要集中在对发电的各种热力循环，可用于该循环的工作流体，涡轮机的选择以及通过将ORC用作其他一次热循环或动力循环的顶部或底部循环进行ORC应用的综述。

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