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Thermodynamic modelling and analysis of a solar organic Rankine cycle employing thermofluids

机译：利用热流体对太阳有机朗肯循环进行热力学建模和分析

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This paper presents thermodynamic modelling and simulation study of a small scale saturated solar organic Rankine cycle (ORC) which consists of a stationary, flat plate solar energy collector that is utilised as a vapour generator, a vane expander, a water-cooled condenser and a pump. Simulations are conducted under constant condensing temperature/pressure and various cycle pressure ratios (PR) for 24 organic thermofluids including Hydrocarbons (HCs), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), Hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) and Hydrofluoroalefins (HFOs). Special attention is given to the influence of PR and fluids' physical properties on the solar ORC performance' as well as fluids' environmental and safety impacts including global warming potential (GWP), flammability and toxicity. The simulation results indicate that when the same fluid is considered, pressure ratio of the cycle leads to various operating conditions such as collector (evaporating) pressure which results in various collector, expander and cycle efficiency. For instance, increasing the pressure ratio of the cycle enhances the net work output and the thermal efficiency of the cycle, whereas it decreases the flat plate collector efficiency. The results also indicate that the proposed system produces the maximum net work output of 210.45 W with a thermal efficiency of 9.64% by using 1-butene. Furthermore, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, R600, R600a, R601, R601a and neopentane (HC), R227ea and R236fa (HFC), RC318 (PFC) and R1234ze (HFO) show promising solar ORC thermal performances. However, the flammability problem of HCs and global warming potential issue of HFCs and PFCs limit their applications, owing to the safety and environmental concerns. On the other hand, in terms of the environmental impact, thermofluids such as RE347mcc, RE245fa2 (HFEs) and R1234ze, R1233zd (HFOs) offer an attractive alternative, yet they were neither the most efficient, nor generated the highest amount of net work output. This paper provides thermofluids' selection guidelines to achieve maximum efficiency within solar thermal energy technologies while keeping environmental impacts into considerations. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：本文介绍了一个小规模的饱和太阳能有机朗肯循环（ORC）的热力学建模和仿真研究，该循环由一个固定的平板太阳能收集器组成，该收集器被用作蒸汽发生器，叶片膨胀器，水冷冷凝器和一个泵。在恒定的冷凝温度/压力和各种循环压力比（PR）下，对24种有机导热液进行了模拟，这些导热液包括碳氢化合物（HC），氢氟碳化合物（HFC），全氟化碳（PFC），氢氟醚（HFE）和氢氟烯烃（HFO）。特别注意PR和流体的物理性质对太阳能ORC性能的影响，以及流体对环境和安全的影响，包括全球变暖潜势（GWP），可燃性和毒性。仿真结果表明，当考虑相同的流体时，循环的压力比会导致各种运行条件，例如收集器（蒸发）压力，从而导致各种收集器，膨胀机和循环效率。例如，增加循环的压力比会增加净输出功率和循环的热效率，而会降低平板集热器的效率。结果还表明，所提出的系统通过使用1-丁烯产生的最大净功为210.45 W，热效率为9.64％。此外，反式-2-丁烯，顺式-2-丁烯，R600，R600a，R601，R601a和新戊烷（HC），R227ea和R236fa（HFC），RC318（PFC）和R1234ze（HFO）显示出令人鼓舞的太阳能ORC热性能。但是，由于安全和环境问题，HC的易燃性问题以及HFC和PFC的全球变暖潜在问题限制了它们的应用。另一方面，就环境影响而言，RE347mcc，RE245fa2（HFE）和R1234ze，R1233zd（HFO）等热流体提供了有吸引力的替代方案，但它们既不是效率最高的，也不是产生最大量的净功的。本文提供了热流体的选择准则，以在太阳能热能技术中实现最大效率，同时考虑对环境的影响。 （C）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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