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Energy and exergy analysis of a milk powder production system

机译：奶粉生产系统的能量和火用分析

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摘要

Milk has been consumed since time immemorial because of its unique nutritional properties and produced almost 816 million tonnes in the year of 2016. Due to its highly perishable characteristic, milk is processed into more stable milk products such as cheese, yoghurt, and butter and milk powder. Among them, milk powder is distinctive for its longer shelf life and can be stored at ambient temperature. The other advantages of milk powder are less volume requirement during its transportation and higher selling price. Therefore, it is widely used in many food products such as ice cream, bakery products, and sausages. According to a recent study on the statistics from Food and Agriculture Organization, world production of whole dried milk was 3,597,015 tonnes in 2014: Oceania 36.5%, Americas 36.1% and Europe 24.1% of the World production.
机译：牛奶自古以来就因其独特的营养特性而被食用，2016年的产量为近8.16亿吨。由于其极易腐烂的特性，牛奶被加工成更稳定的牛奶产品，例如奶酪，酸奶，黄油和牛奶粉末。其中，奶粉具有较长的保质期，可以在环境温度下保存。奶粉的另一个优点是运输过程中所需的体积较小，而售价较高。因此，它被广泛用于许多食品中，例如冰淇淋，烘焙产品和香肠。根据粮食及农业组织的最新统计数据，2014年世界全脂奶粉产量为3,597,015吨：大洋洲36.5％，美洲36.1％，欧洲24.1％。

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