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Parametric effects and optimization on synthesis of iron (II) doped carbonaceous catalyst for the production of biodiesel

机译：掺杂铁（II）的碳质催化剂用于生物柴油生产的参数效应和优化

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Synthesis of efficient and low cost heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of triglycerides into esters is the need of the hour. The present study elaborates an indigenous development of ferromagnetic iron (II) doped carbonaceous catalyst (Fe/C) for the production of biodiesel from rubber seed oil. The parametric effects on the synthesis of Fe/C catalyst were studied to identify the most significant parameters affecting the biodiesel yield using Taguchi method. The doping process was optimised for maximum biodiesel yield considering four parameters viz. Impregnation time, temperature, catalyst content and agitation speed. The prepared catalyst was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The contribution factor revealed that agitation speed is the most influential parameter affecting the biodiesel yield followed by catalyst content, impregnation time and temperature. The maximum biodiesel yield observed in optimum condition of impregnation time 15 h, impregnation temperature 40 degrees C, catalyst content 5 wt% and agitation speed 500 rpm was 96.31%. The cost analysis of catalyst synthesis was done and found to be fairly economical. The reusability of the catalyst was tested to check the decay in catalytic activity at the optimised condition and found to decrease in activity by 0.8-1.2% after three cycles. Thus, the experimental results and characterization study confirm that indigenously developed carbonaceous catalyst from waste material doped with iron (II) is cost effective and capable of transesterifying the rubber seed oil into rubber seed methyl ester (RSME) with appreciable catalytic activity in reusability. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：需要合成高效且低成本的非均相催化剂，以使甘油三酸酯酯交换成酯。本研究阐述了铁磁性铁（II）掺杂的碳质催化剂（Fe / C）的本地化发展，用于从橡胶籽油生产生物柴油。研究了对Fe / C催化剂合成的参数影响，以使用Taguchi方法确定影响生物柴油收率的最重要参数。考虑到四个参数，优化了掺杂工艺以获得最大的生物柴油产量。浸渍时间，温度，催化剂含量和搅拌速度。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM），X射线能量色散分析（EDX），X射线衍射（XRD），热重分析（TGA）和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）对制备的催化剂进行表征。贡献因素表明，搅拌速度是影响生物柴油产率的最有影响的参数，其次是催化剂含量，浸渍时间和温度。在最佳浸渍时间15 h，浸渍温度40℃，催化剂含量5 wt％和搅拌速度500 rpm的最佳条件下观察到的最大生物柴油产率为96.31％。进行了催化剂合成的成本分析，发现相当经济。测试了催化剂的可重复使用性，以检查在最佳条件下催化活性的下降情况，发现在三个循环后活性降低了0.8-1.2％。因此，实验结果和表征研究证实，由掺铁（II）的废料本机开发的碳质催化剂具有成本效益，并且能够将橡胶籽油酯交换为橡胶籽甲基酯（RSME），在可重复使用性方面具有明显的催化活性。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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