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A battery-fuel cell hybrid auxiliary power unit for trucks: Analysis of direct and indirect hybrid configurations

机译：卡车电池-燃料电池混合动力辅助动力装置：直接和间接混合动力配置分析

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摘要

The idling operation of engines in heavy duty vehicles to cover electricity demand during layovers entails significant fuel consumption and corresponding emissions. Indeed, this mode of operation is highly inefficient and a noteworthy contributor to the transportation sector's aggregate carbon dioxide emissions. Here, a potential solution to this wasteful practice is outlined in the form of a hybrid battery-fuel cell system for application as an auxiliary power unit for trucks. Drawing on experimentally-validated fuel cell and battery models, several possible hybrid concepts are evaluated and direct and indirect hybrid configurations analyzed using a representative load profile. The results indicate that a direct hybrid configuration is only applicable if the load demand profile does not deviate strongly from the assumed profile. Operation of an indirect hybrid with a constant fuel cell load yields the greatest hybrid system efficiency, at 29.3%, while battery size could be reduced by 87% if the fuel cell is operated at the highest dynamics. Maximum efficiency in truck applications can be achieved by pre-heating the system prior to operation using exhaust heat from the motor, which increased system efficiency from 25.3% to 28.1%, including start-up. These findings confirm that hybrid systems could offer enormous fuel savings and constitute a sizeable step on the path toward energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly heavy duty vehicles that does not necessitate a fuel switch. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：为了满足中转期间电力需求，重型车辆中的发动机空转运行需要大量的燃料消耗和相应的排放。实际上，这种操作方式效率极低，并且是交通运输部门二氧化碳总排放量的显着贡献。在此，以混合动力电池-燃料电池系统的形式概述了这种浪费做法的潜在解决方案，该系统可用作卡车的辅助动力装置。利用经过实验验证的燃料电池和电池模型，可以评估几种可能的混合动力概念，并使用代表性的负载曲线来分析直接和间接混合动力配置。结果表明，仅当负载需求曲线与假设曲线没有明显偏离时，直接混合配置才适用。在燃料电池负载恒定的情况下，间接混合动力汽车的运行可产生最高的混合动力系统效率，为29.3％，而如果燃料电池以最高的动力运行，则电池尺寸可减少87％。通过在运行前使用电动机的废热对系统进行预热，可以实现卡车应用中的最高效率，从而将系统效率从25.3％提高到28.1％（包括启动）。这些发现证实，混合动力系统可以节省大量燃料，并在向节能，环保的重型车辆发展的道路上迈出了一大步，而无需更换燃料。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Energy Conversion & Management》 |2016年第11期|312-323|共12页
  • 作者

    Samsun Remzi Can; Krupp Carsten; Baltzer Sidney; Gnorich Bruno; Peters Ralf; Stolten Detlef;

  • 作者单位

    Forschungszentrum Julich, Electrochem Proc Engn IEK 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany;

    Forschungszentrum Julich, Electrochem Proc Engn IEK 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany;

    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Automot Engn Ika, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;

    Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Automot Engn Ika, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;

    Forschungszentrum Julich, Electrochem Proc Engn IEK 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany;

    Forschungszentrum Julich, Electrochem Proc Engn IEK 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany|Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Chair Fuel Cells, D-52072 Aachen, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Autothermal reforming; Diesel; PEM fuel cell; Hybridization; Auxiliary power unit; Topology;

    机译：自热重整;柴油;PEM燃料电池;杂交;辅助动力装置;拓扑;

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