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Power Yield and Power Consumption in Thermo-Electro-Chemical Systems - A Synthesizing Approach

机译：热电化学系统的功率产量和功耗-综合方法

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摘要

In this synthesizing research methods of mathematical programming and dynamic optimization are applied to determine limits on power yield or power consumption in various energy systems, such as thermal engines, heat pumps, solar dryers, electrolysers, and fuel cells. Methodological similarities are enunciated when treating power limits in engines, separators, and heat pumps. Numerical approaches to multistage systems are based on the methods of dynamic programming (DP) or Pontryagin's maximum principle. The first method searches for properties of optimal work and is limited to systems with low dimensionality of state vector, whereas the second investigates properties of differential (canonical) equations derived from the process Hamiltonian. In this paper a relatively unknown symmetry in behaviour of power producers (engines) and power consumers is shown. An approximate evaluation shows that, at least 1 /4 of power dissipated in the natural transfer process must be added to a separator or heat pump in order to assure a required process rate. Applications include drying systems which, by nature, require a large amount of thermal or solar energy. We search for minimum power consumed in one-stage and multistage operation of fluidized drying. This multistage system is supported by heat pumps. We outline the related dynamic programming procedure, and also point out a link between the present irreversible approach and the classical problem of minimum reversible work driving the system.
机译：在此综合研究中，应用了数学编程和动态优化方法来确定各种能源系统（例如热力发动机，热泵，太阳能干燥器，电解池和燃料电池）中的发电量或功耗极限。当处理发动机，分离器和热泵的功率极限时，方法上的相似性会阐明。多级系统的数值方法基于动态编程（DP）或Pontryagin的最大原理的方法。第一种方法搜索最佳功的性质，并且仅限于状态向量维数较低的系统，而第二种方法研究从过程哈密顿量导出的微分（规范）方程的性质。在本文中，示出了功率产生器（发动机）和功率消耗器的行为中相对未知的对称性。近似评估表明，必须在自然传递过程中将至少1/4的功率消耗添加到分离器或热泵中，以确保所需的过程速率。应用包括自然需要大量热能或太阳能的干燥系统。我们搜索流化​​干燥的一级和多级操作中消耗的最小功率。该多级系统由热泵支持。我们概述了相关的动态编程过程，并指出了当前不可逆方法与驱动系统的最小可逆功的经典问题之间的联系。

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