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Biodiesel Production From Waste Animal Fat And Improvementof Its Characteristics By Synthesized Nickel And Magnesium Additive

机译：废动物脂肪生产生物柴油及其镍镁合成添加剂的性能改善

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The purpose of this study is to produce trimethyl ester from waste animal fat at optimum conditions and improve its characteristics by synthesized nickel and magnesium additives. In this study, a two step catalytic process for synthesis of biodiesel was studied by reacting waste animal fats with methanol. The temperature, amount of methanol and type and amount of catalyst are investigated as parameters, and the changes in viscosity and flash point of animal fat biodiesel were determined. Furthermore, the effects of organic based Ni and Mg additives on the methyl ester pour point were specified. Optimum producing conditions were determined experimentally. At the end of these experiments, the maximum yield of 89% was obtained in two steps with total 0.35 (w/w) methanol/fat, at 62 ±1℃ reaction temperature for 2 h reaction period and by catalysing with 0.08 (w/w) H_2SO_4/fat and 0.01 (w/w) NaOH/fat ratios. Organic based metal compounds were synthesized by reacting abietic acid in the tall oil resinic acid with NiO and MgO compounds in order to improve the animal fat methyl ester characteristics. Reduction of the pour point was achieved by adding organic based nickel and magnesium compounds to biodiesel at a ratio of 12 μmol/1 oil methyl ester. Also, the blend of animal fat methyl ester-Diesel fuel was tested in a direct injection Diesel engine. The maximum effect of the new fuel blend on the engine performance was reached at 2200 min~(-1)of engine torque. The lowest specific fuel consumptions were obtained at 2200 min~(-1) for both fuels.
机译：这项研究的目的是在最佳条件下从动物废脂肪中生产三甲酯，并通过合成的镍和镁添加剂改善其特性。在这项研究中，通过使动物废脂肪与甲醇反应，研究了两步催化合成生物柴油的方法。以温度，甲醇量，催化剂类型和用量为参数，确定了动物脂肪生物柴油的粘度和闪点变化。此外，还规定了有机基Ni和Mg添加剂对甲酯倾点的影响。通过实验确定了最佳生产条件。在这些实验结束时，分两步获得最大产率为89％，甲醇/脂肪总量为0.35（w / w），在62±1℃反应温度下反应2小时，并通过0.08（w / w）催化w）H_2SO_4 /脂肪和0.01（w / w）NaOH /脂肪比率。通过使妥尔油树脂酸中的松香酸与NiO和MgO化合物反应合成有机基金属化合物，以改善动物脂肪甲酯的特性。通过将有机基镍和镁化合物以12μmol/ 1油甲酯的比例添加到生物柴油中来降低倾点。同样，在直喷式柴油机中对动物脂肪甲酯-柴油的混合物进行了测试。在发动机扭矩为2200 min〜（-1）时，达到了新的混合燃料对发动机性能的最大作用。两种燃料在2200 min〜（-1）时获得最低的单位燃料消耗。

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