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Numerical simulation of supercritical CO_2 injection into subsurface rock masses

机译：超临界CO_2注入地下岩体的数值模拟

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摘要

Carbon dioxide (CO_2) is considered to be one of the greenhouse gases that may contribute most to global warming on the earth. Disposal of CO_2 from stationary sources into subsurface structures has been suggested as a possible means for reducing CO_2 emissions into the atmosphere. However, much remains to be done in the issues regarding the safety and reliability of CO_2 geological sequestration. In this study, we have developed a simulation code by using the mathematical model of two phase flow in porous media to analyze the flow dynamics in the subsurface. The equation of state for CO_2 covering the fluid region from the triple point to the supercritical region is employed to model the states of CO_2 gas, liquid and supercritical state. The correct understanding of the CO_2 state under the geological formation condition is an important factor to predict the injection pressure and CO_2 fluid permeation because the fluid density has a great effect on the injection behavior. The numerical simulation was implemented under several geological conditions including gas, liquid and supercritical states to examine the optimal injection condition. Comparing the numerical results obtained using the equation of state for CO_2 with those obtained using the ideal gas equation, it has been shown that the difference in the injection pressure appears to be significant near the condition of the critical point of CO_2 and the phase equilibrium curves between the gas and liquid states. The numerical simulation has been implemented to examine the effect of the reservoir condition on the injection behavior. The injection pressure is decreased at the lower reservoir temperature and higher hydrostatic pressure condition. The CO_2 permeation is also strongly affected by the reservoir condition, and the spatial CO_2 saturation becomes higher with increasing reservoir temperature. It has been demonstrated that the simulation code developed in this study may be useful to provide knowledge required to select the reservoir condition for CO_2 geological sequestration.
机译：二氧化碳（CO_2）被认为是最可能导致地球变暖的温室气体之一。有人建议将CO_2从固定源排放到地下结构中，作为减少CO_2排放到大气中的一种可能方法。但是，关于CO_2地质隔离的安全性和可靠性问题还有很多工作要做。在这项研究中，我们通过使用多孔介质中两相流的数学模型开发了一个模拟代码，以分析地下流体的动力学。采用CO 3覆盖从三点到超临界区域的流体区域的状态方程，对CO_2气体，液体和超临界状态进行建模。正确认识地质构造条件下的CO_2状态是预测注入压力和CO_2流体渗透的重要因素，因为流体密度对注入行为有很大影响。在包括气体，液体和超临界状态在内的多种地质条件下进行了数值模拟，以研究最佳注入条件。将使用CO_2状态方程获得的数值结果与使用理想气体方程获得的数值结果进行比较，结果表明，在CO_2临界点和相平衡曲线的条件附近，注入压力的差异似乎很明显。在气态和液态之间。已经进行了数值模拟以检查储层状况对注入行为的影响。在较低的油藏温度和较高的静水压力条件下，注入压力会降低。 CO_2的渗透也受到储层条件的强烈影响，空间CO_2饱和度随储层温度的升高而升高。已经证明，在这项研究中开发的模拟代码可能对提供选择CO_2地质隔离的储层条件所需的知识很有用。

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