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Emission characterization and evaluation of natural gas-fueled cogeneration microturbines and internal combustion engines

机译：天然气热电联产微型涡轮机和内燃机的排放表征和评估

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The increasing diffusion of small-scale energy systems within the distributed generation (DG) paradigm is raising the need for studying the environmental impact due to the different DG solutions in order to assess their sustainability. Addressing the environmental impact calls for building specific models for studying both local and global emissions. In this framework, the adoption of natural gas-fueled DG cogeneration technologies may provide, as a consequence of cogeneration enhanced overall energy efficiency and of natural gas relatively low carbon content, a significant reduction of global impact in terms of CO_2 emissions with respect to the separate production of electricity and heat. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the DG alternatives should take into account as well the impact due to the presence of plants spread over the territory that could increase the local pollution, in particular due to CO and NO_x, and thus could worsen the local air quality. This paper provides an overview on the characterization of the emissions from small-scale natural gas-fueled cogeneration systems, with specific reference to the DG technologies nowadays most available in the market, namely, microturbines and internal combustion engines. The corresponding local and global environmental impacts are evaluated by using the emission balance approach. A numerical case study with two representative machines highlights their different emission characteristics, also considering the partial-load emission performance.
机译：小规模能源系统在分布式发电（DG）范式中的扩散越来越大，这需要研究由于不同的DG解决方案而对环境造成的影响，以便评估其可持续性。解决环境影响要求建立研究本地和全球排放的特定模型。在此框架下，采用天然气为燃料的DG热电联产技术，可以通过热电联产提高整体能源效率和天然气相对较低的碳含量，显着降低全球二氧化碳排放量对二氧化碳排放的影响。电力和热能分开生产。但是，也应考虑对DG替代品的综合评估，因为分布在领土上的植物的存在可能会增加当地的污染，特别是由于CO和NO_x造成的影响，因此可能会恶化当地的空气质量。 。本文概述了以小型天然气为燃料的热电联产系统的排放特性，并特别参考了当今市场上最可用的DG技术，即微型涡轮机和内燃机。使用排放平衡法评估相应的本地和全球环境影响。用两个代表性机器进行的数值案例研究突出了它们的不同排放特性，同时还考虑了部分负荷排放性能。

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