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Performance evaluation of an integrated automotive air conditioning and heat pump system

机译：集成式汽车空调和热泵系统的性能评估

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摘要

This study deals with the performance characteristics of an R134a automotive air conditioning system capable of operating as an air-to-air heat pump using ambient air as a heat source. For this aim, an experimental analysis has been performed on a plant made up of original components from an automobile air conditioning system and some extra equipment employed to operate the system in the reverse direction. The system has been tested in the air conditioning and heat pump modes by varying the compressor speed and air temperatures at the inlets of the indoor and outdoor coils. Evaluation of the data gathered in steady state test runs has shown the effects of the operating conditions on the capacity, coefficient of performance, compressor discharge temperature and the rate of exergy destroyed by each component of the system for both operation modes. It has been observed that the heat pump operation provides adequate heating only in mild weather conditions, and the heating capacity drops sharply with decreasing outdoor temperature. However, compared with the air conditioning operation, the heat pump operation usually yields a higher coefficient of performance and a lower rate of exergy destruction per unit capacity. It is also possible to improve the heating mode performance of the system by redesigning the indoor coil, using another refrigerant with a higher heat rejection rate in the condenser and employing a better heat source such as the engine coolant or exhaust gases.
机译：这项研究研究了R134a汽车空调系统的性能特征，该系统能够使用环境空气作为热源，充当空气对空气的热泵。为此，已经对由汽车空调系统的原始组件和一些用于使系统反向运行的额外设备组成的工厂进行了实验分析。通过在室内和室外盘管进口处改变压缩机速度和空气温度，已在空调和热泵模式下对该系统进行了测试。对稳态测试运行中收集的数据的评估表明，在两种运行模式下，运行条件​​对容量，性能系数，压缩机排气温度以及系统每个组件所破坏的火用率均具有影响。已经观察到，仅在温和的天气条件下，热泵操作才能提供足够的热量，并且随着室外温度的降低，加热能力会急剧下降。但是，与空调运行相比，热泵运行通常会产生更高的性能系数和更低的每单位容量火用破坏率。通过重新设计室内盘管，在冷凝器中使用具有较高排热率的另一种制冷剂并采用更好的热源（例如发动机冷却液或废气），也可以改善系统的加热模式性能。

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