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Chemical Interactions and Demulsifier Characteristics for Enhanced Oil Recovery Applications

机译：化学相互作用和破乳剂特性，可提高采油率

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摘要

In this study, a design of experiments was used to investigate the importance of several parameters (alkaline concentration, anionic surfactant concentration, polymer concentration, temperature, shear rate, water cut, and salinity) and their interactions (i.e., synergism or antagonism) that govern emulsion stability in chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR). Emulsion stability decreased with an increase in salinity or water cut An increasing surfactant concentration, polymer concentration, temperature, or shear rate enhanced emulsion stability. One of the main contributions for the tight emulsion from alkaline surfactant polymer (ASF) flood was the addition of alkaline. The surfactant, alkaline, and polymer decreased the size of oil droplets, increased the surface charge of oil droplets, and increased the film elasticity, thereby making oil-water separation difficult Selected cationic surfactants (patents pending) proved much more effective than conventional non-ionic resins and polymeric cationic flocculants in separating oil-in-water emulsions. The chemistry was also investigated by studying the effect of alkyl chain length (C8-C18) of benzyl and methyl quaternary compounds (quats) on demulsifying efficiency. As the surfactant concentration in the brine decreased, the concentration of the cationic demulsifier required to separate the emulsion decreased and the optimum chain length of the cationic demulsifier also changed. The particle video microscope and focused beam reflectance measurement probes showed a significant increase of the size of oil droplets and reduction in the number of oil droplets in the presence of a cationic surfactant This is in agreement of a decrease of the anionic charge on the surface of the oil droplets and a reduction of the film elasticity in the cationic system. Measurements of interfacial properties, such as the interfacial tension reduction rate, interfacial tension, elastic modulus, and ζ, potential, at the oil/brine solution interface were also conducted. A qualitative correlation was found between the interfacial tension reduction rate, elastic modulus, ζ, potential, and phase separation. The interfacial tension reduction rate decreased, ζ, potential became less negative, elastic modulus decreased, and the size of oil droplets remarkably increased when a cationic demulsifier or an amphoteric demulsifier (patents pending) was added to the emulsion. However, there appears to be no direct correlation with interfacial tension. Without direct information, this preliminary correlation may provide guidelines for selecting demulsifiers for emulsions produced by chemical enhanced oil recovery.
机译：在这项研究中，采用了实验设计来研究几个参数（碱性浓度，阴离子表面活性剂浓度，聚合物浓度，温度，剪切速率，含水率和盐度）及其相互作用（即协同作用或拮抗作用）的重要性。控制化学增强油采收率（CEOR）中的乳液稳定性。乳化稳定性随盐度或含水率的增加而降低。增加的表面活性剂浓度，聚合物浓度，温度或剪切速率会增强乳剂的稳定性。碱性表面活性剂聚合物（ASF）注入对致密乳液的主要贡献之一是添加了碱性物质。表面活性剂，碱性和聚合物减小了油滴的大小，增加了油滴的表面电荷，并增加了膜的弹性，从而使油水分离变得困难。事实证明，所选的阳离子表面活性剂（正在申请专利）比常规的非表面活性剂更有效。离子树脂和聚合阳离子絮凝剂，用于分离水包油乳液。还通过研究苄基和甲基季铵化合物（季铵盐）的烷基链长（C8-C18）对破乳效率的影响研究了化学反应。随着盐水中表面活性剂浓度的降低，分离乳液所需的阳离子破乳剂的浓度降低，并且阳离子破乳剂的最佳链长也发生了变化。粒子视频显微镜和聚焦光束反射率测量探针显示，在存在阳离子表面活性剂的情况下，油滴的大小显着增加，油滴的数量减少。这与减少表面上的阴离子电荷是一致的。油滴会降低阳离子体系中的膜弹性。还进行了油/盐水溶液界面处的界面性质的测量，例如界面张力降低率，界面张力，弹性模量和ζ电势。在界面张力降低率，弹性模量，ζ，电势和相分离之间发现了质量相关性。当将阳离子破乳剂或两性破乳剂（正在申请专利）添加到乳液中时，界面张力降低率降低，ζ，电势负变小，弹性模量降低和油滴尺寸显着增加。但是，似乎与界面张力没有直接关系。没有直接的信息，这种初步的相关性可能会为选择通过化学提高采油率生产的乳液的破乳剂提供指导。

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  • 来源
    《Energy & fuels》 |2012年第mayajuna期|p.2742-2750|共9页
  • 作者

    Duy Nguyen; Nicholas Sadeghi; Christopher Houston;

  • 作者单位

    Nalco Company, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States;

    Nalco Company, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States;

    Nalco Company, Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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