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首页> 外文期刊>Energy & fuels >Toward the Control of the Smoldering Front in the Reaction-Trailing Mode in Oil Shale Semicoke Porous Media
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Toward the Control of the Smoldering Front in the Reaction-Trailing Mode in Oil Shale Semicoke Porous Media

机译：油页岩半焦多孔介质中反应-尾随方式的阴燃前沿控制

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摘要

Results of an experimental investigation on the feasibility of propagating a smoldering front in reaction-trailing mode throughout an oil shale semicoke porous medium are reported. For oil recovery applications, this mode is particularly interesting to avoid low-temperature oxidation reactions, which appear simultaneously with organic matter devolatilization in the reaction-leading mode and are responsible for oxidation of part of the heavy oil. The particularity of this mode is that, contrary to the reaction-leading mode largely studied in the literature, the heat-transfer layer precedes the combustion layer. This leads to two separated high-temperature zones: (i) a devolatilization zone (free of oxygen), where the organic matter is thermally decomposed to incondensable gases, heavy oil, and fixed carbon, also called coke in the literature, without any oxidation, followed by (ii) an oxidation zone, where the fixed carbon left by devolatilization is oxidized. The transition from reaction-leading to reaction-trailing mode was obtained using low oxygen contents in the fed air. It is shown that two distinct layers, the heat-transfer layer and the combustion layer, propagate in a stable and repeatable way. The decrease of the oxygen fraction leads to a decrease of the smoldering temperature and to strongly limit the decarbonation of the mineral matrix. The CO_2 emissions are limited. Regardless of the front temperature, all of the fed oxygen is consumed and all of the fixed carbon is oxidized at the passage of the smoldering front.
机译：报道了在整个油页岩半焦多孔介质中以反应-尾随模式传播阴燃前沿的可行性的实验研究结果。对于采油应用而言，此模式尤其可避免低温氧化反应，该反应在反应主导模式下与有机物挥发同时出现，并导致部分重油氧化。该模式的特殊性在于，与文献中大量研究的反应引导模式相反，传热层位于燃烧层之前。这导致了两个分开的高温区：（i）脱挥发分区（无氧），其中有机物被热分解为不凝性气体，重油和固定碳，在文献中也称为焦炭，没有任何氧化，然后是（ii）氧化区，在该区中，脱挥发分留下的固定碳被氧化。使用进料空气中的低氧含量可实现从反应引导模式到反应尾随模式的过渡。示出了两个不同的层，即热传递层和燃烧层，以稳定且可重复的方式传播。氧含量的降低导致闷燃温度的降低，并强烈限制了矿物基质的脱碳。 CO_2的排放是有限的。无论前端温度如何，所有输入的氧气都会消耗掉，并且所有固定碳都会在闷烧前端通过时被氧化。

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